College Physics
OER 2016 Edition
ISBN: 9781947172173
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 23CQ
In what frame(s) of reference are Kepler's laws valid? Are Kepler's laws purely descriptive, or do they contain causal information?
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Apply: Suppose an elephant has a mass of 1,800 kg and a person has a mass of 75 kg. If the strength of
gravitational force on the person was 735 N, what would be the gravitational force on the elephant?
Assume both the person and elephant are on Earth's surface.)
I Since force and mass are proportional, set this up as a proportion/ratio.
(mass of elephant)
(mass of human)
(force on elephant)
(force on human)
%3D
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Equation):
Answer:
Combining the circular motion with Newton’s Universal Gravitation Law, we have the following formula: ?=√???, rearrange this formula and calculate the mass of Mars in kilograms rounded to 2 significant figures considering the values for the circular speed and distance of 2.14.103 m/s.
You may have an image of Sir Isaac Newton sitting under a tree and after being hit on the head by an apple he suddenly "discovered" the Law of Universal Gravitation. In fact, the theory was a result of years’ worth of research, which in turn was based on centuries of accumulated knowledge. He is credited with determining that the following relationship is universal. The gravitational attraction between two objects varies jointly with their masses (m1 and m2) and inversely with the square of the distance (d) between them. By what percent does the force of gravitational attraction change if one mass is increased by 20%, the other mass decreased by 20%, and the separation is reduced by 25%?
Chapter 6 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 6 - There an analogy between rotational and physical...Ch. 6 - Can centripetal acceleration change the speed of...Ch. 6 - If you wish to reduce the stress (which related to...Ch. 6 - Define centripetal force. Can any type of force...Ch. 6 - If centripetal force is directed toward the...Ch. 6 - Pace car drivers routinely cut corners as shown in...Ch. 6 - A number of amusement parks have rides that make...Ch. 6 - What is the direction of the force exerted by the...Ch. 6 - As a skater forms a circle, what force is...Ch. 6 - Suppose a child is riding on a merry-go-round at a...
Ch. 6 - Do you feel yourself thrown to either side when...Ch. 6 - Suppose a mass is moving in a circular path on a...Ch. 6 - When a toilet is flushed or a sink is drained,...Ch. 6 - Is there a real force that throws water from...Ch. 6 - In one amusement park ride, riders enter a large...Ch. 6 - Actin at a distance, such as is the case for...Ch. 6 - Two friends are having a conversation. Anna says a...Ch. 6 - A frame of reference placed at the center of the...Ch. 6 - Action at a distance, such as is the case for...Ch. 6 - Two friends are having a conversation. Anna says a...Ch. 6 - Draw a free body diagram for a satellite in an...Ch. 6 - Newton's laws of motion and gravity were among the...Ch. 6 - In what frame(s) of reference are Kepler's laws...Ch. 6 - Semi-trailer trucks have an odometer on one hub of...Ch. 6 - Microwave ovens rotate at a rate of about 6...Ch. 6 - An automobile with 0.260 m radius tires travels...Ch. 6 - (a) What is the period of rotation of Earth in...Ch. 6 - A baseball pitcher brings his arm forward during a...Ch. 6 - In lacrosse, a ball is thrown from a net on the...Ch. 6 - A truck with 0.420-m-radius tires travels at 32.0...Ch. 6 - Integrated Concepts When kicking a football, the...Ch. 6 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider an amusement...Ch. 6 - A fairground ride spins its occupants inside a...Ch. 6 - A runner taking part in the 200 m dash must run...Ch. 6 - Taking the age of Earth to be about 4109 years and...Ch. 6 - The propeller of a World War Il fighter plane is...Ch. 6 - An ordinary workshop grindstone has a radius of...Ch. 6 - Helicopter blades withstand tremendous stresses....Ch. 6 - Olympic ice skaters are able to spin at about 5...Ch. 6 - What percentage of the acceleration at Earth's...Ch. 6 - Verify that the linear speed of an ultracentrifuge...Ch. 6 - A rotating space station is said to create...Ch. 6 - At takeoff, a commercial jet has a 60.0 m/s speed....Ch. 6 - Integrated Concepts Riders in an amusement park...Ch. 6 - Unreasonable Results A mother pushes her child on...Ch. 6 - (a) A 22.0 kg child is riding a playground...Ch. 6 - Calculate the centripetal force on the end of a...Ch. 6 - What is the ideal banking angle for a gentle turn...Ch. 6 - What is the ideal speed to take a 100 m radius...Ch. 6 - (a) What is the radius of a bobsled turn banked at...Ch. 6 - Part of riding a bicycle involves leaning at the...Ch. 6 - A large centrifuge, like the one shown in Figure...Ch. 6 - Integrated Concepts If a car takes a banked curve...Ch. 6 - Modern roller coasters have vertical loops like...Ch. 6 - Unreasonable Results (a) Calculate the minimum...Ch. 6 - (a) Calculate Earth's mass given the acceleration...Ch. 6 - (a) Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration...Ch. 6 - (a) What is the acceleration due to gravity on the...Ch. 6 - (a) Calculate the acceleration due to gravity on...Ch. 6 - The Moon and Earth rotate about their common...Ch. 6 - Solve part (b) of Example 6.6 using ac=v2/r.Ch. 6 - Astrology, that unlikely and vague pseudoscience,...Ch. 6 - The existence of the dwarf planet Pluto was...Ch. 6 - (a) The Sun orbits the Milky Way galaxy once each...Ch. 6 - Unreasonable Result A mountain 10.0 km from a...Ch. 6 - A geosynchronous Earth satellite is one that has...Ch. 6 - Calculate the mass of the Sun based on data for...Ch. 6 - Find the mass of Jupiter based on data for the...Ch. 6 - Find the ratio of the mass of Jupiter to that of...Ch. 6 - Astronomical observations of our Milky Way galaxy...Ch. 6 - Integrated Concepts Space debris left from old...Ch. 6 - Unreasonable Results (a) Based on Kepler's laws...Ch. 6 - Construct Your Own Problem On February 14, 2000,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 1TPCh. 6 - Prob. 2TPCh. 6 - Prob. 3TPCh. 6 - Prob. 4TP
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Astronomical observations of our Milky Way galaxy indicate that it has a mass of about 8.0 • 1011 solar masses. A star orbiting on the galaxy’s periphery is about 6.0 • 104 light years from its center. a) What should the orbital period of that star be in years? b) If its period is 6.0 • 107 years instead, what is the mass of the galaxy in solar masses? Such calculations are used to imply the existence of “dark matter” in the universe and have indicated, for example, the existence of very massive black holes at the centers of some galaxies.arrow_forwardThree masses, MA = Mg = Mc = M are placed at the vertices of a right triangle ( ill slE ¿ilia wg'} ) de), as shown in the figure below. The distance between Ma and M, is similar to that between Mc and Mg and is equal to R. The magnitude of the net gravitational force exerted on Mg is given by: %3D %3D MA A. 1.41 (GM/R) B. 1.41 (GM/R?) C. 1.41 (GM²/R?) D. 1.41 (G?M/R?) 1.41 (G?M?/R?) R E. Ms Mc R O A OBarrow_forwardSuppose that the gravitational force exerted by the sun on the planets were inverse r-squared, but not proportional to the planet masses. Would Kepler’s third law still be valid in this case?arrow_forward
- Read the question carefully and give me right solution according to the question. A particle travels around a circular path having a radius of 40 m. If it is initially traveling with a speed of 10 m/s and its speed then increases at a rate of (0.05 v) m/s 2, determine the magnitude of the particle’s acceleration at t = 3 s. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.arrow_forwardhi. can you solve it with an explanation? thanksarrow_forwardMany people mistakenly believe that the astronauts that orbit Earth are “above gravity.” Calculate g for space shuttle territory, 200 km above Earth’s surface. Earth’s mass is 6.0 × 1024 kg, and its radius is 6.38 × 106 m (6380 km). Your answer is what percentage of 10 m/s2?arrow_forward
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- An object of mass mm is launched from a planet of mass MM and radius RR. a) Derive and enter an expression for the minimum launch speed needed for the object to escape gravity, i.e. to be able to just reach r=∞. b) Calculate this minimum launch speed (called the escape speed), in meters per second, for a planet of mass M=2.73×1023kg and R=86.2×103km.arrow_forwardAccording to Lunar Laser Ranging experiment the average distance LM from the Earth to the Moon is approximately 3.92 x 105 km. The Moon orbits the Earth and completes one revolution relative to the stars in approximately 27.5 days (a sidereal month). Calculate mass of the Earth Me. Give the answer in 1024 kg. Answer: x10^24 kgarrow_forwarda) Sketch the earth and mars, showing the center of the planets being separated by a distance d = 3 x 10^11 m. b). Use Newton's Universal Gravitation equation to determine the gravitational force of attraction between earth and mars at that distance given G= 6.7 x 10^-11 N x m^2/kg^2, mass of earth = 6 x 10^24 kg, mass of mars = 6.4 x 10^23 kgarrow_forward
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