FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781119634928
Author: Borgnakke
Publisher: WILEY
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If a power plant produces steam at 600°C and outputs heat at 150°C to a cogeneration power plant that then outputs its exhaust at a temperature of 40°C. Find the total efficiency of this combination of power plants. Assume both plants are 80% as efficient as a Carnot heat engine.
A Carnot cycle takes in 108 kW of heat from a high-temperature reservoir
at 500 C. At what rate is heat rejected to the low-temperature reservoir
at 30 C, in kW?
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- Can you imagine a steam power plant working without steam condenser, letting the turbine throw its exhaust steam away into the ambient air? Discuss the consequences of such stupid idea.arrow_forwardAn inventor has a new power plant design that is claimed to have a 2000 MW output with a feed rate of 100 kg/s of a fuel with energy content of 25 MJ/kg. The plant is operating at hot and cold reservoir temperatures of 1000C and 20C. Is this possible?arrow_forwardA regenerative steam power cycle with two feedwater heaters, one closed and one open, as shown in the figure. Steam enters the first stage of the turbine at 12 MPa, 480°C and expands to 2 MPa. Some steam is withdrawn at 2 MPa and fed to the closed feedwater heater. The remainder expands through the second stage turbine at 0.3 MPa, where an additional amount is drawn off and fed to the open feedwater heater operating at 0.3 MPa. Steam expanding through the third-stage turbine leaves at a condenser pressure of 6 kPa.The feedwater leaves the closed heater at 210°C, 12 MPa, and the condensate leaving as a saturated liquid at 2 MPa is trapped in the open feedwater heater. Saturated liquid at 0.3 MPa leaves the open feedwater heater. Assume that all stages of the pumps and turbines operate isentropically. Determine for the cycle:(a) The heat transfer to the working fluid passing through the steam generator, in kJ per kg of steam entering the first-stage turbine.(b) thermal efficiency.(c) the…arrow_forward
- The capacity of a refrigerator is 200 TR when working between -4°C and 220C. Determine the mass of ice produced per day from water at 22°C. Also, find the power required to drive the unit. Assume that the cycle operates on reversed Carnot cycle and latent heat of ice is 336 Krkg.arrow_forwardPlease could you explain to me how to solve this exercise Consider a modified cogeneration power plant with regeneration. Steam enters the turbine at 6MPa and 450ºC at a rate of 20Kg/s, and expands to a pressure of 0.4MPa. At this pressure 60% of the water vapour is extracted from the turbine, and the rest is expanded to a pressure of 10KPa. Part of the extracted steam is used to heat the feed water in an open feed water heater. The rest of the extracted vapour is used for process heating, and leaves the process heater as a saturated liquid at 0.4MPa. It is then mixed with the feed water leaving the feed water heater, and the mixture is pumped to boiler pressure. The vapour in the condenser is cooled and condensed by cooling water from a nearby river, which enters the adiabatic condenser at a rate of 463Kg/s. Consider the ideal equipment and demonstrate the enthalpy values shown a) The temperature rise of the river cooling water in the condenser is: (R=8°C) b) The mass flow of steam…arrow_forwardA steam turbine consumes 9 kg/k W-hr when steam is supplied at a pressure of 10 bar and at 400. The exhaust takes place at 0.1 bar. Compare the efficiency of the engine with the Rankine efficiency.arrow_forward
- A certain heat engine operating on a Carnot cycle absorbs 150 J of heat per cycle at its hot reservoir at 135°C and has a thermal efficiency of 22.0%. (a) How much work does this engine do per cycle? (b) How much heat does the engine waste each cycle? (c) What is the temperature of the cold reservoir? (d) What mass of water could this engine pump per cycle from a well 35.0 m deep?arrow_forwardis the net work for any cycle Zero? whyarrow_forwardI need this Thermodynamics question solved in 1 hour, because I need to study for an exam todayarrow_forward
- Source A can supply energy at a rate of 11000 kJ/min at 320°C. A second source B can supply energy at a rate of 110000 kJ/min at 68°C. Which source A or B, would you choose to supply energy to an ideal reversible engine that is to produce large amount of power if the temperature of the surroundings is 40°C ?arrow_forwardA 600-MWe power plant has an efficiency of 36 % with 15% of the waste heat beingreleased to the atmosphere as stack heat and the other 85% taken away in the coolingwater. Instead of drawing water from a river, heating it, and returning it to the river, this plant uses an evaporative cooling tower wherein heat is released to the atmosphere as cooling water is vaporized. At what rate must 15 °C makeup water be provided from the river to offset the water lost in the cooling tower?arrow_forwardFor generation of steam in a boiler requires 2500 kJ/kg of heat and in the condenser 1800 kJ/kg of heat is rejected to cooling water, using first law of thermodynamics determine steam flow rate if power developed is 210 MW during the cycle.arrow_forward
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Power Plant Explained | Working Principles; Author: RealPars;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGVDu1z5YQ8;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY