Cardiopulmonary Anatomy & Physiology
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781337794909
Author: Des Jardins, Terry.
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 1RQ
Which of the following are granulocytes?
1. Neutrophils
2. Monocytes
3. Eosinophils
4. Lymphocytes
5. Basophils
A. 2 only
B. 5 only
C. 2 and 4 only
D. 1,3, and 5 only
Expert Solution & Answer
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The white blood cells (WBCs) are one of the components of blood. White blood cells, along with red blood corpuscles, platelets, and proteins, form the blood. When the white blood cells, red blood corpuscles (RBCs), and the clotting factors are removed, the remaining fluid is known as the serum.
Answer to Problem 1RQ
Correct answer:
Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils are the granulocytes.
Explanation of Solution
Justification for the correct answer:
Option (D) states that neutrophils (1), eosinophils (3), and basophils (5) are the only granulocytes. Granulocytes are white blood cells in which the cytoplasm contains granules. Granulocytes are further distinguished on the basis of the shape of the nucleus. Granulocytic WBCs are of three types, namely neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils. Hence, option (D) is correct.
Justification for the incorrect answers:
Option (A) states that monocytes (2) are the only granulocytes. Monocytes are non-granulated cells. When present in tissues, they have the capability of differentiating into macrophages. The process of adaptive immunity is influenced by the presence of monocytes. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (B) states that basophils (5) are the only granulocytes. The basophils are not the only granulocytes present in the bloodstream. Neutrophils and eosinophils are also granulocytes. They are categorized on the basis of the presence of granules in them. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (C) states that monocytes (2) and lymphocytes (4) are the only granulocytes. Lymphocytes and monocytes are agranulocytes, that is, they do not possess cytoplasmic granules. Together, they make up approximately 33% of the hematologic blood values. So, it is an incorrect option.
Hence, options (A), (B), and (C) are incorrect.
Conclusion
Thus, it can be concluded that granulocytes and agranulocytes are categorized on the basis of the presence of cytoplasmic granules. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are granulocytes. Monocytes and lymphocytes are agranulocytes.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 5 Solutions
Cardiopulmonary Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 5 - 1. Which of the following are granulocytes?
1....Ch. 5 - Prob. 2RQCh. 5 - Prob. 3RQCh. 5 - If the pressure in the pulmonary artery is 34 mm...Ch. 5 - The tricuspid valve lies between the A. Right...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6RQCh. 5 - The mean intraluminal pressure in the pulmonary...Ch. 5 - An increase in the number of which of the...Ch. 5 - 9. The force the ventricles must work against to...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 5 - The difference between the pressure in the lumen...Ch. 5 - Prob. 12RQCh. 5 - Prob. 13RQCh. 5 - Which of the following cause(s) passive changes in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 15RQCh. 5 - Case 1 As the patients blood pressure decreased...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1CAQ2Ch. 5 - Prob. 1CAQ3Ch. 5 - Case 1
4. The negative trans mural pressure in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2CAQ1Ch. 5 - Prob. 2CAQ2Ch. 5 - Case 2 As fluid accumulated in the patients...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2CAQ4Ch. 5 - Prob. 2CAQ5
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