Explanation Given: Mass of gas, m = 0.646 g Volume of V = 2 58 mL Temperature, T = 273.15 K Pressure of gas, P = 1.000 atm Percentage of carbon by mass = 85.63 % Percentage hydrogen by mass = 14.37 % Explanation: The percentage by mass of an element gives the number of grams of an element present in the compound. ∴ 85.63 % of carbon by mass represents 85.63 g of carbon. Similarly, 14.37 % of hydrogen represents 14.37 g of hydrogen. The molecular formula of the compound is determined by the following steps: Step 1: Convert the masses of carbon and hydrogen into their moles. The number of moles is given by N u m b e r o f m o l e s = M a s s A t o m i c m a s s The mass of C = 85.63 g and atomic mass of C = 12.0 g / m o l ; therefore, moles of C are given by Number of moles of C ( n C ) = 85.63 g 12.0 g /mol = 7.1358 mol Similarly, mass of H = 14.37 g and atomic mass of H = 1.0 g / m o l ; therefore, moles of H are given by Number of moles of H ( n H ) = 14.37 g 1.0 g /mol = 14.37 mol Step 2: Convert the moles of carbon and hydrogen into their relative moles by dividing their moles with smallest number of moles. The moles of carbon are small in number; therefore, R e l a t i v e m o l e s o f C = 7.1358 m o l 7.1358 m o l = 1 R e l a t i v e m o l e s o f H = 14.37 m o l 7.1358 m o l = 2 There is 1 atom of C and 2 atoms of H ; hence, the empirical formula of the compound is C H 2 . Step 3: Calculate the empirical formula mass. E m p i r i c a l f o r m u l a m a s s = 1 × A t o m i c m a s s o f C + 2 × A t o m i c m a s s o f H = 1 × 12.0 g / m o l + 2 × 1 g / m o l = 14

Chemistry: A Molecular Approach & Student Solutions Manual for Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, Books a la Carte Edition Package

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ISBN: 9780321955517

Author: Nivaldo J. Tro

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Mole concept is a method to determine the amount of any substance that consists of some elemental particles using a grouping unit called ‘mole’. The mole concept enables one to handle the large amount of small elementary particles. The mole concept can b…

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Chemistry: A Molecular Approach & Student Solutions Manual for Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, Books a la Carte Edition Package

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Step by Step Stoichiometry Practice Problems | How to Pass ChemistryMole Conversions Made Easy: How to Convert Between Grams and Moles; Author: Ketzbook;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b2raanVWU6c;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY