
Concept explainers
Applying the Concepts 4–5
Counting Rules and
One of the biggest problems for students when doing probability problems is to decide which formula or formulas to use. Another problem is to decide whether two
Assume you are given a five-question multiple-choice quiz. Each question has 5 possible answers: A, B, C, D, and E.
1. How many events are there?
2. Are the events independent or dependent?
3. If you guess at each question, what is the probability that you get all of them correct?
4. What is the probability that a person guesses answer A for each question?
Assume that you are given a five-question matching test in which you are to match the correct answers in the right column with the questions in the left column. You can use each answer only once.
5. How many events are there?
6. Are the events independent or dependent?
7. What is the probability of getting them all correct if you are guessing?
8. What is the difference between the two problems?

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Chapter 4 Solutions
Elementary Statistics: A Step By Step Approach
- Please help me with the following question on statisticsFor question (e), the drop down options are: (From this data/The census/From this population of data), one can infer that the mean/average octane rating is (less than/equal to/greater than) __. (use one decimal in your answer).arrow_forwardHelp me on the following question on statisticsarrow_forward3. [15] The joint PDF of RVS X and Y is given by fx.x(x,y) = { x) = { c(x + { c(x+y³), 0, 0≤x≤ 1,0≤ y ≤1 otherwise where c is a constant. (a) Find the value of c. (b) Find P(0 ≤ X ≤,arrow_forwardNeed help pleasearrow_forward7. [10] Suppose that Xi, i = 1,..., 5, are independent normal random variables, where X1, X2 and X3 have the same distribution N(1, 2) and X4 and X5 have the same distribution N(-1, 1). Let (a) Find V(X5 - X3). 1 = √(x1 + x2) — — (Xx3 + x4 + X5). (b) Find the distribution of Y. (c) Find Cov(X2 - X1, Y). -arrow_forward1. [10] Suppose that X ~N(-2, 4). Let Y = 3X-1. (a) Find the distribution of Y. Show your work. (b) Find P(-8< Y < 15) by using the CDF, (2), of the standard normal distribu- tion. (c) Find the 0.05th right-tail percentage point (i.e., the 0.95th quantile) of the distri- bution of Y.arrow_forward6. [10] Let X, Y and Z be random variables. Suppose that E(X) = E(Y) = 1, E(Z) = 2, V(X) = 1, V(Y) = V(Z) = 4, Cov(X,Y) = -1, Cov(X, Z) = 0.5, and Cov(Y, Z) = -2. 2 (a) Find V(XY+2Z). (b) Find Cov(-x+2Y+Z, -Y-2Z).arrow_forward1. [10] Suppose that X ~N(-2, 4). Let Y = 3X-1. (a) Find the distribution of Y. Show your work. (b) Find P(-8< Y < 15) by using the CDF, (2), of the standard normal distribu- tion. (c) Find the 0.05th right-tail percentage point (i.e., the 0.95th quantile) of the distri- bution of Y.arrow_forward== 4. [10] Let X be a RV. Suppose that E[X(X-1)] = 3 and E(X) = 2. (a) Find E[(4-2X)²]. (b) Find V(-3x+1).arrow_forward2. [15] Let X and Y be two discrete RVs whose joint PMF is given by the following table: y Px,y(x, y) -1 1 3 0 0.1 0.04 0.02 I 2 0.08 0.2 0.06 4 0.06 0.14 0.30 (a) Find P(X ≥ 2, Y < 1). (b) Find P(X ≤Y - 1). (c) Find the marginal PMFs of X and Y. (d) Are X and Y independent? Explain (e) Find E(XY) and Cov(X, Y).arrow_forward32. Consider a normally distributed population with mean μ = 80 and standard deviation σ = 14. a. Construct the centerline and the upper and lower control limits for the chart if samples of size 5 are used. b. Repeat the analysis with samples of size 10. 2080 101 c. Discuss the effect of the sample size on the control limits.arrow_forwardConsider the following hypothesis test. The following results are for two independent samples taken from the two populations. Sample 1 Sample 2 n 1 = 80 n 2 = 70 x 1 = 104 x 2 = 106 σ 1 = 8.4 σ 2 = 7.6 What is the value of the test statistic? If required enter negative values as negative numbers (to 2 decimals). What is the p-value (to 4 decimals)? Use z-table. With = .05, what is your hypothesis testing conclusion?arrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_ios
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