Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781260163698
Author: Cowan
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4.1, Problem 1AYP
Relate bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic cells to the Last Common Ancestor.
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Which of the following is
true regarding the diversity
of life ?
a) Domain Archaea
does not contain
any disease-causing
organisms.
b) Bacteria can vary
greatly in size and range
up to 700 µm in length
Microbial Eukarya may
have first arisen two billion
years ago, well before
fungi, plants
c) animal
d) All of the above are true
7:33 /
State specific factors that contribute to the rapid evolution of bacteria and archaea.
All of the following statements are true about the3-domain classification system EXCEPT:(a) The three domains are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.(b) Lateral gene transfer has forced us to rethink our do-main model from a “tree of life” to a “shrub of life.”(c) Domains are higher than the category of kingdoms.(d) Compared to Bacteria, Archaea inhabit the same en-virons and have the same amount of peptidoglycan intheir cell walls.(e) All of the above are true.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 4.1 - Relate bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic cells...Ch. 4.1 - List the types of eukaryotic microorganisms, and...Ch. 4.2 - Differentiate among the flagellar structures of...Ch. 4.2 - List similarities and differences between...Ch. 4.2 - Describe the main structural components of a...Ch. 4.2 - Diagram how the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum,...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 4.2 - Explain the importance of ribosomes, and...Ch. 4.2 - List and describe the three main fibers of the...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 1NPCh. 4.3 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 4.3 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 4.3 - Differentiate among the terms heterotroph,...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 4.3 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 4.3 - Q. Yeast infection is one common side effect of...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 2MMCh. 4.4 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 4.4 - Prob. 17AYPCh. 4.4 - Explain why a cyst stage may be useful to a...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 4.4 - Prob. 2NPCh. 4.5 - Prob. 20AYPCh. 4.5 - Summarize the stages of a typical helminth life...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 3NPCh. 4.5 - Prob. 3MMCh. 4 - Mitochondria likely originated from a. archaea. b....Ch. 4 - Summarize the endosymbiotic theory and explain how...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3QCh. 4 - Prob. 4QCh. 4 - Compare and contrast the structure and function of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6QCh. 4 - Prob. 7QCh. 4 - Considering the role of fungi in nature, speculate...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9QCh. 4 - Prob. 10QCh. 4 - Prob. 11QCh. 4 - Prob. 12QCh. 4 - Prob. 13QCh. 4 - Prob. 14QCh. 4 - Do you suppose any of these eukaryotic microbes...Ch. 4 - Which of these groups causes the most casualties...Ch. 4 - Prob. 17QCh. 4 - Do you suspect that the fact that humans use...Ch. 4 - Which of the following is not useful to determine...Ch. 4 - Why were protozoa originally considered a single...Ch. 4 - Write a paragraph that would explain the...Ch. 4 - From chapter 2, figure 2.1. Discuss how the...
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- The extra energy required for the evolution of the highly complex eukaryotic cell was possible because: a) mesosomes released enzymes into the nucleus b) two types of prokaryotic bacteria became endo symbiotic invaders of the complex cells c) the DNA of the eukaryote cell functions within the nucleoid area d) chloroplasts were able to use O2 to conduct photosynthesis e) the space between the two layers of the nuclear membrane contained mitochondriaarrow_forwardDescribe the relationship between the original bacteria kingdom called monera and the domain called bacteria.arrow_forwardDifferentiate the following groups of organisms : Archaebacteria (ancient bacteria), Eubacteria (true bacteria), Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.arrow_forward
- Why were Archaea originally thought to be simply unusual forms of Bacteria? What lines of evidence showed this domain to form a distinct branch on the tree of life?arrow_forwardDescribe the Comparison of Three Cellular Domains bacteria, archaea and eukarya.arrow_forwardGive explanation Which of the following statements is TRUE based on the phylogenetic tree shown? a) Bacteria and archaea are equally related to to eukarya b) Plants and ciliates are more closely related than plants and animals c) Green sulfur bacterial are more closely related to archaea than the Thermotogales d) Methanosarcina and Haloarchaea are equally related to Methanococcus e) Flavobacteria are the last common ancestor between bacteria and eukaryaarrow_forward
- The evolution of the highly complex eukaryotic cell was possible because.. A) Mesosomes released enzymes in to the nucleus B) Two types of prokaryotic bacteria became endo symbiotic invaders of the complex cells C) The DNA of the eukaryote cell functions within the nucleoid area D) Chloroplasts were able to use 02 to conduct photosynthesis E) the space between the two layers of the nuclear membrane contained mitochondria Explain whyarrow_forwardThe hypercycle model explains which of the following? A) How the evolutionary transition from prokaryotic to eukaryotic cells through acquisiton of membrane bound organelles. B) How viruses first originated alongside cellular life through a hyper replicating RNA lineage. C) How individual replicating molecules like RNA, DNA, and proteins entered a molecular mutualism and became encapsulated forming protocells. D) How cycles of heat and electricity experimentally lead to the formation of amino acids in the lab.arrow_forwardCompare characteristics of the three domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.arrow_forward
- Which of the following characters evolved last (i.e., most recently)? A) Heredity B) Photosynthesis C) Multicellularity D) Eukaryotic cells E) Prokaryotic cellsarrow_forward19) Which of the trees in this figure groups the domains according to similarities in cellular size and architecture? A) A B) B C) C D) D Bacteria Eukarya Archaea Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Bacteria Eukarya Archaea Eukarya Archaea Bacteriaarrow_forward14) The evolution of eukaryotic cells most likely involved A) endosymbiosis of an aerobic bacterium in a larger host cell-the endosymbiont evolved into mitochondria. B) anaerobic archaea taking up residence inside a larger bacterial host cell to escape toxic oxygen-the anaerobic bacterium evolved into chloroplasts. C) an endosymbiotic fungal cell evolved into the nucleus. D) acquisition of an endomembrane system, and subsequent evolution of mitochondria from a portion of the Golgi.arrow_forward
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