Concept explainers
(a)
Ranking of atoms or ions by the number of protons in the nucleus.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
Introduction:
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is same as the atomic number of the atom. The number of electrons remains equal to the number of electrons in the atom.
The atomic number of oxygen atom is eight. So, the number of protons in the nucleus of oxygen atom is also eight.
The atomic number of fluorine atom is nine. So, the number of protons in the nucleus of the fluorine atom is also nine.
The atomic number of sulphur atom is sixteen. So, the number of protons in the nucleus of sulphur atom is also sixteen.
The atomic number of sodium atom is eleven. So, the number of protons in the nucleus of the oxygen atom is also eleven.
Conclusion:
Thus, the ranking of atoms by the number of protons in the nucleus of atom in decreasing order is C, D, B, A.
(b)
Ranking of atoms or ions by the number of neutrons in the nucleus.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
Introduction:
The sum of the number of protons and number of neutrons is called mass number. The higher is the mass number more is number of neutrons in the nucleus of atom.
The mass number of the oxygen atom is sixteen, so number of neutrons in the nucleus of the oxygen atom is eight.
The mass number of fluorine atom is nineteen. So, the number of protons in the nucleus of fluorine atom is ten.
The mass number of sulphur atom is thirty two. So, the number of protons in the nucleus of sulphur atom is sixteen.
The mass number of sodium atom is twenty three. So, the number of protons in the nucleus of oxygen atom is also twelve.
Conclusion:
Thus, the ranking of atoms by the number of neutrons in the nucleus of atom in decreasing order is C, D, B, A.
(c)
Ranking of atoms or ions by the number of electrons in the nucleus.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
Introduction:
The number of electrons in a normal atom is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. The positive charge on the atom is due to loss of one electrons from the number of electrons in the normal atom. The negative charge on the atom due to gain of one electron in the number of electrons in normal atom.
The number of protons in oxygen atom is eight. So, the number of electrons in nucleus of oxygen atom is also eight.
The number of electrons in fluorine atom is nine. So, the number of electrons in the negative fluorine atom becomes ten.
The number of protons in sulphur atom is sixteen. So, the number of electrons in sulphur atom is also sixteen.
The number of electrons in sodium atom is eleven. So, the number of electrons in the positive sodium atom becomes ten.
Conclusion:
Thus, the ranking of atoms by the number of electrons in the atom in decreasing order is C, D = B, A.
Chapter 39 Solutions
Conceptual Physics C2009 Guided Reading & Study Workbook Se
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Chemistry: Structure and Properties (2nd Edition)
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Vol. 1 (Chs 1-21) (4th Edition)
Microbiology: An Introduction
Chemistry: The Central Science (14th Edition)
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
- What is the force (in N) on the 5.4 µC charge shown below? (Express your answer in vector form.) −3.1 µC5.4 µC9.2 µC6.4 µCarrow_forwardAn ideal gas in a sealed container starts out at a pressure of 8900 N/m2 and a volume of 5.7 m3. If the gas expands to a volume of 6.3 m3 while the pressure is held constant (still at 8900 N/m2), how much work is done by the gas? Give your answer as the number of Joules.arrow_forwardThe outside temperature is 25 °C. A heat engine operates in the environment (Tc = 25 °C) at 50% efficiency. How hot does it need to get the high temperature up to in Celsius?arrow_forward
- Gas is compressed in a cylinder creating 31 Joules of work on the gas during the isothermal process. How much heat flows from the gas into the cylinder in Joules?arrow_forwardThe heat engine gives 1100 Joules of energy of high temperature from the burning gasoline by exhausting 750 Joules to low-temperature . What is the efficiency of this heat engine in a percentage?arrow_forwardL₁ D₁ L₂ D2 Aluminum has a resistivity of p = 2.65 × 10 8 2. m. An aluminum wire is L = 2.00 m long and has a circular cross section that is not constant. The diameter of the wire is D₁ = 0.17 mm for a length of L₁ = 0.500 m and a diameter of D2 = 0.24 mm for the rest of the length. a) What is the resistance of this wire? R = Hint A potential difference of AV = 1.40 V is applied across the wire. b) What is the magnitude of the current density in the thin part of the wire? Hint J1 = c) What is the magnitude of the current density in the thick part of the wire? J₂ = d) What is the magnitude of the electric field in the thin part of the wire? E1 = Hint e) What is the magnitude of the electric field in the thick part of the wire? E2 =arrow_forward
- please helparrow_forwardA cheetah spots a gazelle in the distance and begins to sprint from rest, accelerating uniformly at a rate of 8.00 m/s^2 for 5 seconds. After 5 seconds, the cheetah sees that the gazelle has escaped to safety, so it begins to decelerate uniformly at 6.00 m/s^2 until it comes to a stop.arrow_forwardA projectile is fired with an initial speed of 40.2 m/s at an angle of 35.0 degree above the horizontal on a long flat firing range. Determine. please help and show work for them so i can understand.arrow_forward
- pls helparrow_forwardJ K L The graph in the figure shows the position of an object as a function of time. The letters H-L represent particular moments of time. At which moments shown (H, I, etc.) is the speed of the object the greatest? + Position H I K Timearrow_forward1. Two pendula of slightly different length oscillate next to each other. The short one oscillates with frequency 0.52 Hz and the longer one with frequency 0.50 Hz. If they start of in phase determine their phase difference after 75 s.arrow_forward
College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics (14th Edition)PhysicsISBN:9780133969290Author:Hugh D. Young, Roger A. FreedmanPublisher:PEARSON
Introduction To Quantum MechanicsPhysicsISBN:9781107189638Author:Griffiths, David J., Schroeter, Darrell F.Publisher:Cambridge University Press
Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9780321820464Author:Edward E. Prather, Tim P. Slater, Jeff P. Adams, Gina BrissendenPublisher:Addison-Wesley
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Editio...PhysicsISBN:9780134609034Author:Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart FieldPublisher:PEARSON