Define the following terms: neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, association neuron.

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 33, Problem 1RQ

Define the following terms: neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, association neuron.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To define: Neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, and association neuron.

Introduction: The nervous system is a complex system, divided into two types – central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The brain and spinal cord form the central nervous system. The nerves that emerge from the brain and spinal cord form the peripheral nervous system. The neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system.

Explanation of Solution

Neuron: The neuron is a nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses.

Axon: It is a part of a nerve cell, which is a long and thin structure that relays the neuronal signal to the synapse.

Dendrite: It is also called dendron. It is the projection of a nerve cell that receives an impulse from other nerve cells.

Myelin sheath: It is the protective covering of the axon made of myelin protein. The speed of nerve impulse transmission along the axon is enhanced by the myelin sheath.

Afferent neuron: These are the neurons that carry stimuli from the sensory organs to the brain and spinal cord.

Efferent neurons: These are the neurons that carry motor stimuli from the brain and spinal cord to the skeletal muscles.

Association neuron: It is an interneuron that connects the sensory neurons and motor neurons.

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For short answer questions, write your answers on the line provided. To the right is the mRNA codon table to use as needed throughout the exam. First letter U บบบ U CA UUCPhe UUA UCU Phe UCC UUG Leu CUU UAU. G U UAC TV UGCys UAA Stop UGA Stop A UAG Stop UGG Trp Ser UCA UCG CCU] 0 CUC CUA CCC CAC CAU His CGU CGC Leu Pro CCA CAA Gin CGA Arg CUG CCG CAG CGG AUU ACU AAU T AUC lle A 1 ACC Thr AUA ACA AUG Mot ACG AGG Arg GUU GCU GUC GCC G Val Ala GAC Asp GGU GGC GUA GUG GCA GCG GAA GGA Gly Glu GAGJ GGG AACASH AGU Ser AAA1 AAG Lys GAU AGA CAL CALUCAO CAO G Third letter 1. (+7) Use the table below to answer the questions; use the codon table above to assist you. The promoter sequence of DNA is on the LEFT. You do not need to fill in the entire table. Assume we are in the middle of a gene sequence (no need to find a start codon). DNA 1 DNA 2 mRNA tRNA Polypeptide C Val G C. T A C a. On which strand of DNA is the template strand (DNA 1 or 2)?_ b. On which side of the mRNA is the 5' end (left or…

3. (6 pts) Fill in the boxes according to the directions on the right. Structure R-C R-COOH OH R-OH i R-CO-R' R R-PO4 R-CH3 C. 0 R' R-O-P-OH 1 OH H R-C-H R-N' I- H H R-NH₂ \H Name Properties

4. (6 pts) Use the molecule below to answer these questions and identify the side chains and ends. Please use tidy boxes to indicate parts and write the letter labels within that box. a. How many monomer subunits are shown? b. Box a Polar but non-ionizable side chain and label P c. Box a Basic Polar side chain and label BP d. Box the carboxyl group at the end of the polypeptide and label with letter C (C-terminus) H H OHHO H H 0 HHO H-N-CC-N-C-C N-C-C-N-GC-OH I H-C-H CH2 CH2 CH2 H3C-C+H CH2 CH2 OH CH CH₂ C=O OH CH2 NH2

Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 33, Problem 1RQ

Define the following terms: neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, association neuron.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To define: Neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, and association neuron.

Introduction: The nervous system is a complex system, divided into two types – central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The brain and spinal cord form the central nervous system. The nerves that emerge from the brain and spinal cord form the peripheral nervous system. The neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system.

Explanation of Solution

Neuron: The neuron is a nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses.

Axon: It is a part of a nerve cell, which is a long and thin structure that relays the neuronal signal to the synapse.

Dendrite: It is also called dendron. It is the projection of a nerve cell that receives an impulse from other nerve cells.

Myelin sheath: It is the protective covering of the axon made of myelin protein. The speed of nerve impulse transmission along the axon is enhanced by the myelin sheath.

Afferent neuron: These are the neurons that carry stimuli from the sensory organs to the brain and spinal cord.

Efferent neurons: These are the neurons that carry motor stimuli from the brain and spinal cord to the skeletal muscles.

Association neuron: It is an interneuron that connects the sensory neurons and motor neurons.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 33, Problem 1RQ

Define the following terms: neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, association neuron.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To define: Neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, and association neuron.

Introduction: The nervous system is a complex system, divided into two types – central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The brain and spinal cord form the central nervous system. The nerves that emerge from the brain and spinal cord form the peripheral nervous system. The neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system.

Explanation of Solution

Neuron: The neuron is a nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses.

Axon: It is a part of a nerve cell, which is a long and thin structure that relays the neuronal signal to the synapse.

Dendrite: It is also called dendron. It is the projection of a nerve cell that receives an impulse from other nerve cells.

Myelin sheath: It is the protective covering of the axon made of myelin protein. The speed of nerve impulse transmission along the axon is enhanced by the myelin sheath.

Afferent neuron: These are the neurons that carry stimuli from the sensory organs to the brain and spinal cord.

Efferent neurons: These are the neurons that carry motor stimuli from the brain and spinal cord to the skeletal muscles.

Association neuron: It is an interneuron that connects the sensory neurons and motor neurons.

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 33, Problem 1RQ

Define the following terms: neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, association neuron.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To define: Neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, and association neuron.

Introduction: The nervous system is a complex system, divided into two types – central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The brain and spinal cord form the central nervous system. The nerves that emerge from the brain and spinal cord form the peripheral nervous system. The neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system.

Explanation of Solution

Neuron: The neuron is a nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses.

Axon: It is a part of a nerve cell, which is a long and thin structure that relays the neuronal signal to the synapse.

Dendrite: It is also called dendron. It is the projection of a nerve cell that receives an impulse from other nerve cells.

Myelin sheath: It is the protective covering of the axon made of myelin protein. The speed of nerve impulse transmission along the axon is enhanced by the myelin sheath.

Afferent neuron: These are the neurons that carry stimuli from the sensory organs to the brain and spinal cord.

Efferent neurons: These are the neurons that carry motor stimuli from the brain and spinal cord to the skeletal muscles.

Association neuron: It is an interneuron that connects the sensory neurons and motor neurons.

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To define: Neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, and association neuron.

Introduction: The nervous system is a complex system, divided into two types – central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The brain and spinal cord form the central nervous system. The nerves that emerge from the brain and spinal cord form the peripheral nervous system. The neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system.

Explanation of Solution

Neuron: The neuron is a nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses.

Axon: It is a part of a nerve cell, which is a long and thin structure that relays the neuronal signal to the synapse.

Dendrite: It is also called dendron. It is the projection of a nerve cell that receives an impulse from other nerve cells.

Myelin sheath: It is the protective covering of the axon made of myelin protein. The speed of nerve impulse transmission along the axon is enhanced by the myelin sheath.

Afferent neuron: These are the neurons that carry stimuli from the sensory organs to the brain and spinal cord.

Efferent neurons: These are the neurons that carry motor stimuli from the brain and spinal cord to the skeletal muscles.

Association neuron: It is an interneuron that connects the sensory neurons and motor neurons.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To define: Neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, and association neuron.

Introduction: The nervous system is a complex system, divided into two types – central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The brain and spinal cord form the central nervous system. The nerves that emerge from the brain and spinal cord form the peripheral nervous system. The neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system.

Explanation of Solution

Neuron: The neuron is a nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses.

Axon: It is a part of a nerve cell, which is a long and thin structure that relays the neuronal signal to the synapse.

Dendrite: It is also called dendron. It is the projection of a nerve cell that receives an impulse from other nerve cells.

Myelin sheath: It is the protective covering of the axon made of myelin protein. The speed of nerve impulse transmission along the axon is enhanced by the myelin sheath.

Afferent neuron: These are the neurons that carry stimuli from the sensory organs to the brain and spinal cord.

Efferent neurons: These are the neurons that carry motor stimuli from the brain and spinal cord to the skeletal muscles.

Association neuron: It is an interneuron that connects the sensory neurons and motor neurons.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

To define: Neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, and association neuron.

Introduction: The nervous system is a complex system, divided into two types – central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The brain and spinal cord form the central nervous system. The nerves that emerge from the brain and spinal cord form the peripheral nervous system. The neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system.

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

Neuron: The neuron is a nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses.

Axon: It is a part of a nerve cell, which is a long and thin structure that relays the neuronal signal to the synapse.

Dendrite: It is also called dendron. It is the projection of a nerve cell that receives an impulse from other nerve cells.

Myelin sheath: It is the protective covering of the axon made of myelin protein. The speed of nerve impulse transmission along the axon is enhanced by the myelin sheath.

Afferent neuron: These are the neurons that carry stimuli from the sensory organs to the brain and spinal cord.

Efferent neurons: These are the neurons that carry motor stimuli from the brain and spinal cord to the skeletal muscles.

Association neuron: It is an interneuron that connects the sensory neurons and motor neurons.

Answer 13

Ch. 33 - Define the following terms: neuron, axon,...Ch. 33 - Glial cells far outnumber neurons and contribute...Ch. 33 - The concentration of potassium ions inside a nerve...Ch. 33 - What ionic and electrical changes occur during...Ch. 33 - Explain different ways in which invertebrates and...Ch. 33 - Why is the sodium-potassium pump indirectly...Ch. 33 - Prob. 7RQ Ch. 33 - Prob. 8RQ Ch. 33 - Prob. 9RQ Ch. 33 - Prob. 10RQ

Define the following terms: neuron, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, association neuron.

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