The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134874364
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 39EAP
Earth’s Shape. It took thousands of years for humans to deduce that Earth is spherical. For each of the following alternative models of Earth’s shape, identify one or more observations that you could make for yourself that would invalidate the model.
- A flat Earth
- A football-shaped Earth
- A cylindrical Earth, like that proposed by Anaximander
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
In Table 2, there is a list of 15 planets, some of which are real objects discovered by the Kepler space telescope, and some are hypothetical planets. For each one, you are provided the temperature of the star that each planet orbits in degrees Kelvin (K), the distance that each planet orbits from their star in astronomical units (AUs) and the size or radius of each planet in Earth radii (RE). Since we are concerned with finding Earth-like planets, we will assume that the composition of these planets are similar to Earth's, so we will not directly look at their masses, rather their sizes (radii) along with the other characteristics. Determine which of these 15 planets meets our criteria of a planet that could possibly support Earth-like life. Use the Habitable Planet Classification Flow Chart (below) to complete Table 2. Whenever the individual value you are looking at falls within the range of values specified on the flow chart, mark the cell to the right of the value with a Y for…
At present there are 8 planets in the solar system. In the early models, there were only 6 planets. What is the reason behind this?
Describe a model of the modern solar system in terms of the number of planets, their arrangement and the model’s center.
The fictional asteroid Lilliput orbits around the Sun one time every 3.605 Earth years. What is the average distance for Lilliput away from the Sun in astronomical units (AU)? One astronomical unit is equal to the average distance the Earth is away from the Sun, 1.496x1011m. The mass of the Sun is 1.989x1030kg.
Chapter 3 Solutions
The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 3 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 3 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 3 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 3 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6VSCCh. 3 - Prob. 7VSCCh. 3 - Prob. 1EAPCh. 3 - Why did ancient peoples study astronomy? Describe...Ch. 3 - Describe the astronomical origins of our day,...
Ch. 3 - What is a lunar calendar? How can it be kept...Ch. 3 - What do we mean by a model in science?Ch. 3 - Summarize the development of the Greek geocentric...Ch. 3 - What was the Copernican revolution, and how did it...Ch. 3 - 8. What is an ellipse? Define its foci, semimajor...Ch. 3 - 9. State and explain the meaning of each of...Ch. 3 - Describe the three hallmarks of science and how we...Ch. 3 - 11. What is the difference between a hypothesis...Ch. 3 - What is the basic idea behind astrology? Explain...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - In the Greek geocentric model, the retrograde...Ch. 3 - Which of the following was not a major advantage...Ch. 3 - When we say that a planet has a highly eccentric...Ch. 3 - Earth is closer to the Sun in January than in...Ch. 3 - According to Kepler’s third law, (a) Mercury...Ch. 3 - Tycho Brahe’s contribution to astronomy included...Ch. 3 - Galileo’s contribution to astronomy included (a)...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is not true about...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is not true about a...Ch. 3 - When Einstein’s theory of gravity (general...Ch. 3 - What Makes It Science? Choose a single idea in the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 36EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 37EAPCh. 3 - Earth’s Shape. It took thousands of years for...Ch. 3 - Prob. 40EAPCh. 3 - Copernican Players. Using a bulleted-list format,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 3 - The Metonic Cycle. The length of our calendar year...Ch. 3 - Chinese Calendar. The traditional Chinese lunar...Ch. 3 - Method of Eratosthenes I. You are an astronomer on...Ch. 3 - Method of Eratosthenes II. You are an astronomer...Ch. 3 - Mars Orbit. Find the perihelion and aphelion...Ch. 3 - Eris Orbit. The dwarf planet Eris orbits the Sun...Ch. 3 - New Planet Orbit. A newly discovered planet orbits...Ch. 3 - Halley Orbit. Halley’s Comet orbits the Sun every...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Use Kepler's 3rd Law and the small angle approximation. a) An object is located in the solar system at a distance from the Sun equal to 41 AU's . What is the objects orbital period? b) An object seen in a telescope has an angular diameter equivalent to 41 (in units of arc seconds). What is its linear diameter if the object is 250 million km from you? Draw a labeled diagram of this situation.arrow_forwardThe mass of the Earth is about 6 x 1021 metric tons, and the mass of the Sun is about 2 x 1027 metric tons. About how many times more is the mass of the sun compared to the mass of the Earth? Put the numbers into Scientific Notation. Do your calculations using the product or quotient rule. Then write your answer as a Standard Number. What is the proper name of the answer?arrow_forwardSuppose you were given a 3 in diameter ball to represent the Earth and a 1 in diameter ball to represent the Moon. (The actual ratio of Earth diameter to Moon diameter is 3.7 to 1.) The actual average Earth–Moon distance is about 384,000 kilometers, and Earth’s diameter is about 12,800 kilometers. How many “Earth diameters” is the distance from Earth to the Moon? Based on your answer to Question 2, what is the correct scaled distance of the Moon, using the 3-inch ball as Earth? The Sun’s actual diameter is about 1,400,000 kilometers. How many “Earth diameters” is this? Given your 3-inch Earth, how large (i.e what diameter) of a ball would you need to represent the Sun? Give your answer in feet. The average Earth–Sun distance is about 149,600,000 km. To represent this distance to scale, how far away would you have to place your 3-inch Earth from your Sun? Give your answer in feet. Could we use this scale to visualize the solar system instead of just the Earth and Moon? Why or Why…arrow_forward
- Read this main idea: The sun is the center of our solar system. Choose three details that go with the main idea. The sun's gravity holds the planets in place. It provides them with heat and light. The largest stars, called supergiants, are 1,500 times bigger than our sun. It takes Earth 365 days to orbit the sun. Jupiter takes 12 years! Our sun is not the largest or hottest star. It is a medium sized yellow star. Radio telescopes use radio waves to show stars in great detail. Astronomers long ago and today use star charts to map star locations. All of the planets in our solar system revolve around one star-our sun. Stars can be blue, white, yellow, or red. Blue stars are the hottest. A reflector telescope bounces star light through mirrors.arrow_forwardSuppose you're in a circular orbit around Saturn (M = 5.683 x 1026 kg) with a semi-major axis of a = 237,948 km. a. What is your orbital velocity? b. Using the "Vis-viva" equation (which can be derived from the total energy) v = GM What is the delta-V you would need to get from your current orbit, into an elliptical orbit that has an apoapsis near Titan (a = 1,221,870 km)?arrow_forwardTrue or false the weight of an object measured on planet 3 is a result of gravity ?arrow_forward
- 9, 10arrow_forwardI need the answer for question 4arrow_forwardOxygen Atoms in People. Figure 5.7 shows that oxygen makes up about 65% of the mass of a human being. A single oxygen atom has a mass of 2.66 × 10−26 kg. (a) Use this fact to estimate the number of oxygen atoms in your body. (Hint: If you know your weight in pounds, you can convert to kilograms by dividing by 2.2.) (b) Compare your answer to the number of stars in the observable universe (which is roughly 1022).arrow_forward
- Please answer the question and subquestions completely! This is one whole question which has subquestions! According to the official Bartleby guidelines, each question can have up to two subquestions! Thank you! 1) Use Kepler's Law to find the time (in Earth’s years) for Mars to orbit the Sun if the radius of Mars’ orbit is 1.5 times the radius of Earth's orbit. 1.8 2.8 3.4 4.2 A) The mass of Mars is about 1/10 the mass of Earth. Its diameter is about 1/2 the diameter of Earth. What is the gravitational acceleration at the surface of Mars? 9.8 m/s2 2.0 m/s2 3.9 m/s2 4.9 m/s2 none of these B) A 9.0 x 10 3 kg satellite orbits the Earth at the distance of 2.56 x 10 7 m from Earth’s surface. What is its period? 1.1 x 10 4 s 4.1 x 10 4 s 5.7 x 10 4 s 1.5 x 10 5 sarrow_forwardHow Do We Know? Why is it important that a theory make testable predictions?arrow_forwardYou land on a strange spherical planet X. As a curious physicist, you set out to make the following measurements: (1) you observe that planet X has no appreciable atmosphere, (2) you measure that if you throw a 0.25 kg stone vertically upwards with launch speed 10 m/s, it comes back to ground in 8 sec, and (3) you measure the equatorial circumference to be 250,000 km. What is the mass of planet X? [Hint: The value of g on the planet surface is related to its mass M and radius R by the formula g = GM/R2.] a) 9*1025 kg b) 2.3*1027 kg c) 6.9*1026 kg If you take your spaceship to a 10,000 km altitude circular orbit around planet X, what would be the orbital period of the spaceship? [Hint: Use the fact that the gravitational force causes the radial acceleration to calculate the orbital speed.] a) 4.89 hrs b) 9.78 hrs c) 19.56 hrsarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9781938168284Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. WolffPublisher:OpenStaxStars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399944Author:Michael A. SeedsPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningFoundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399920Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana BackmanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9781938168284
Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher:OpenStax
Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)
Physics
ISBN:9781337399944
Author:Michael A. Seeds
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Physics
ISBN:9781337399920
Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Kepler's Three Laws Explained; Author: PhysicsHigh;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kyR6EO_RMKE;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY