Chapter 23, Problem 55PS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structural formula of 2-pentanone has to be drawn

Concept introduction:

Ketone: Ketone is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by a carbonyl group. It is represented as $RC\left(=O\right)R\text{'}$.

The IUPAC name for the keton is written by replcing the ‘e’ of alkanes from “–one”.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structural formula of hexanal has to be drawn

Concept introduction:

Aldehyde: One alkyl group and a hydrogen atom are attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCHO$.

The IUPAC name for the aldehyde is written by replcing the ‘e’ of alkanes from “–al”.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structural formula of pentanoic acid has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid: One $-OH$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCOOH$

The IUPAC name for the carboxylic acid derivatives is written by replcing the ‘e’ of alkanes from “–oic acid”.