Ouabain is an African plant derivative that has been used historically to make poison-tipped hunting arrows. It disables the main Na + /K + ATPase in neurons. How would the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to ouabain change relative to the normal situation? Explain your answer.

Question

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 22, Problem 22.1CC

Ouabain is an African plant derivative that has been used historically to make poison-tipped hunting arrows. It disables the main Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase in neurons. How would the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to ouabain change relative to the normal situation? Explain your answer.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to Ouabain would change relative to the normal situation.

Introduction: Ouabain is a poisonous substance found in some African plants. It is a plant derivative in nature. It is generally used by Africans to make poison-tipped hunting arrows to hunt animals. This derivate is highly toxic. It has the capability to inhibit the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells.

Explanation of Solution

The role of the sodium-potassium pump is to maintain the sodium and potassium ion concentration in the nerve cells. The maintained potassium gradient provides resting membrane potential. The permeability of the membrane is high towards potassium during the resting phase. This is observed in the normal situation in which Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity is present in the nerve cells.

The organism exposed to Ouabain has severe effects on the resting potential. This is because Ouabain inhibits the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells. This results in an abnormal amount of sodium and potassium in the cells. The nervous system cannot maintain the ion gradient due to the inhibited sodium-potassium channels. This affects the normal functioning of the nervous system.

Therefore, an organism exposed to Ouabain has a very high positive value of resting potential as compared to the normal situation. This is because the membrane depicts a high permeability for potassium and thus, the concentration of potassium ions gets higher as compared to the rest of the ions due to inhibited Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity. A high potassium gradient results in positive resting potential.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Students have asked these similar questions

The normal concentrations for intracellular and extracellular potassium in a neuron are [K+]in = 150 mM and [K+]out = 5 mM, respectively. Due to an electrolyte imbalance, a patient has the following intracellular and extracellular concentrations of potassium: [K+]in = 140 mM and [K+]out =2 mM. Using the Nernst equation (Chapter 4), calculate the equilibrium potential for potassium in the cells with normal K+ distributions and of the diseased patient. Refer back to Question #1. Will it be easier or more difficult to generate an action potential in the diseased neuron as compared to the normal neuron? Why?

What happens across the membrane of an electrically active cell is a dynamic process that is hard to visualize with static images or through text descriptions. View this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/dynamic1) to learn more about this process. What is the difference between the driving force for Na+ and K+? And what is similar about the movement of these two ions?

a) Explain in detail what is occurring at stage A in the graph. (Be specific in terms of what's happening to the ion channels in your explanation if necessary!) b) What does this graph represent as a whole? Explain the main idea it portrays. +40| -70- A 1 2 4 Time/ms Potential Difference/mV B

Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 22, Problem 22.1CC

Ouabain is an African plant derivative that has been used historically to make poison-tipped hunting arrows. It disables the main Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase in neurons. How would the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to ouabain change relative to the normal situation? Explain your answer.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to Ouabain would change relative to the normal situation.

Introduction: Ouabain is a poisonous substance found in some African plants. It is a plant derivative in nature. It is generally used by Africans to make poison-tipped hunting arrows to hunt animals. This derivate is highly toxic. It has the capability to inhibit the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells.

Explanation of Solution

The role of the sodium-potassium pump is to maintain the sodium and potassium ion concentration in the nerve cells. The maintained potassium gradient provides resting membrane potential. The permeability of the membrane is high towards potassium during the resting phase. This is observed in the normal situation in which Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity is present in the nerve cells.

The organism exposed to Ouabain has severe effects on the resting potential. This is because Ouabain inhibits the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells. This results in an abnormal amount of sodium and potassium in the cells. The nervous system cannot maintain the ion gradient due to the inhibited sodium-potassium channels. This affects the normal functioning of the nervous system.

Therefore, an organism exposed to Ouabain has a very high positive value of resting potential as compared to the normal situation. This is because the membrane depicts a high permeability for potassium and thus, the concentration of potassium ions gets higher as compared to the rest of the ions due to inhibited Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity. A high potassium gradient results in positive resting potential.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 22, Problem 22.1CC

Ouabain is an African plant derivative that has been used historically to make poison-tipped hunting arrows. It disables the main Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase in neurons. How would the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to ouabain change relative to the normal situation? Explain your answer.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to Ouabain would change relative to the normal situation.

Introduction: Ouabain is a poisonous substance found in some African plants. It is a plant derivative in nature. It is generally used by Africans to make poison-tipped hunting arrows to hunt animals. This derivate is highly toxic. It has the capability to inhibit the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells.

Explanation of Solution

The role of the sodium-potassium pump is to maintain the sodium and potassium ion concentration in the nerve cells. The maintained potassium gradient provides resting membrane potential. The permeability of the membrane is high towards potassium during the resting phase. This is observed in the normal situation in which Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity is present in the nerve cells.

The organism exposed to Ouabain has severe effects on the resting potential. This is because Ouabain inhibits the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells. This results in an abnormal amount of sodium and potassium in the cells. The nervous system cannot maintain the ion gradient due to the inhibited sodium-potassium channels. This affects the normal functioning of the nervous system.

Therefore, an organism exposed to Ouabain has a very high positive value of resting potential as compared to the normal situation. This is because the membrane depicts a high permeability for potassium and thus, the concentration of potassium ions gets higher as compared to the rest of the ions due to inhibited Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity. A high potassium gradient results in positive resting potential.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 22, Problem 22.1CC

Ouabain is an African plant derivative that has been used historically to make poison-tipped hunting arrows. It disables the main Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase in neurons. How would the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to ouabain change relative to the normal situation? Explain your answer.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to Ouabain would change relative to the normal situation.

Introduction: Ouabain is a poisonous substance found in some African plants. It is a plant derivative in nature. It is generally used by Africans to make poison-tipped hunting arrows to hunt animals. This derivate is highly toxic. It has the capability to inhibit the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells.

Explanation of Solution

The role of the sodium-potassium pump is to maintain the sodium and potassium ion concentration in the nerve cells. The maintained potassium gradient provides resting membrane potential. The permeability of the membrane is high towards potassium during the resting phase. This is observed in the normal situation in which Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity is present in the nerve cells.

The organism exposed to Ouabain has severe effects on the resting potential. This is because Ouabain inhibits the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells. This results in an abnormal amount of sodium and potassium in the cells. The nervous system cannot maintain the ion gradient due to the inhibited sodium-potassium channels. This affects the normal functioning of the nervous system.

Therefore, an organism exposed to Ouabain has a very high positive value of resting potential as compared to the normal situation. This is because the membrane depicts a high permeability for potassium and thus, the concentration of potassium ions gets higher as compared to the rest of the ions due to inhibited Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity. A high potassium gradient results in positive resting potential.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to Ouabain would change relative to the normal situation.

Introduction: Ouabain is a poisonous substance found in some African plants. It is a plant derivative in nature. It is generally used by Africans to make poison-tipped hunting arrows to hunt animals. This derivate is highly toxic. It has the capability to inhibit the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells.

Explanation of Solution

The role of the sodium-potassium pump is to maintain the sodium and potassium ion concentration in the nerve cells. The maintained potassium gradient provides resting membrane potential. The permeability of the membrane is high towards potassium during the resting phase. This is observed in the normal situation in which Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity is present in the nerve cells.

The organism exposed to Ouabain has severe effects on the resting potential. This is because Ouabain inhibits the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells. This results in an abnormal amount of sodium and potassium in the cells. The nervous system cannot maintain the ion gradient due to the inhibited sodium-potassium channels. This affects the normal functioning of the nervous system.

Therefore, an organism exposed to Ouabain has a very high positive value of resting potential as compared to the normal situation. This is because the membrane depicts a high permeability for potassium and thus, the concentration of potassium ions gets higher as compared to the rest of the ions due to inhibited Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity. A high potassium gradient results in positive resting potential.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to Ouabain would change relative to the normal situation.

Introduction: Ouabain is a poisonous substance found in some African plants. It is a plant derivative in nature. It is generally used by Africans to make poison-tipped hunting arrows to hunt animals. This derivate is highly toxic. It has the capability to inhibit the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells.

Explanation of Solution

The role of the sodium-potassium pump is to maintain the sodium and potassium ion concentration in the nerve cells. The maintained potassium gradient provides resting membrane potential. The permeability of the membrane is high towards potassium during the resting phase. This is observed in the normal situation in which Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity is present in the nerve cells.

The organism exposed to Ouabain has severe effects on the resting potential. This is because Ouabain inhibits the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells. This results in an abnormal amount of sodium and potassium in the cells. The nervous system cannot maintain the ion gradient due to the inhibited sodium-potassium channels. This affects the normal functioning of the nervous system.

Therefore, an organism exposed to Ouabain has a very high positive value of resting potential as compared to the normal situation. This is because the membrane depicts a high permeability for potassium and thus, the concentration of potassium ions gets higher as compared to the rest of the ions due to inhibited Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity. A high potassium gradient results in positive resting potential.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to Ouabain would change relative to the normal situation.

Introduction: Ouabain is a poisonous substance found in some African plants. It is a plant derivative in nature. It is generally used by Africans to make poison-tipped hunting arrows to hunt animals. This derivate is highly toxic. It has the capability to inhibit the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells.

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

The role of the sodium-potassium pump is to maintain the sodium and potassium ion concentration in the nerve cells. The maintained potassium gradient provides resting membrane potential. The permeability of the membrane is high towards potassium during the resting phase. This is observed in the normal situation in which Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity is present in the nerve cells.

The organism exposed to Ouabain has severe effects on the resting potential. This is because Ouabain inhibits the normal Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity in the nerve cells. This results in an abnormal amount of sodium and potassium in the cells. The nervous system cannot maintain the ion gradient due to the inhibited sodium-potassium channels. This affects the normal functioning of the nervous system.

Therefore, an organism exposed to Ouabain has a very high positive value of resting potential as compared to the normal situation. This is because the membrane depicts a high permeability for potassium and thus, the concentration of potassium ions gets higher as compared to the rest of the ions due to inhibited Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity. A high potassium gradient results in positive resting potential.

Answer 13

Ch. 22 - Ouabain is an African plant derivative that has...Ch. 22 - You have isolated a toxin from a previously...Ch. 22 - The poison produced by some species of Central and...Ch. 22 - Drugs that affect the reuptake of...Ch. 22 - The Truth About Nerve Cells. For each of the...Ch. 22 - QUANTITATIVE The Resting Membrane Potential. The...Ch. 22 - QUANTITATIVE Patch Clamping. Patch-clamp...Ch. 22 - The Equilibrium Potential. Answer each of the...Ch. 22 - QUANTITATIVE Heart Throbs. An understanding of...Ch. 22 - The All-or-None Response of Membrane Excitation. A...

Ouabain is an African plant derivative that has been used historically to make poison-tipped hunting arrows. It disables the main Na + /K + ATPase in neurons. How would the resting potential of neurons in an organism exposed to ouabain change relative to the normal situation? Explain your answer.

Concept explainers

Videos

Explanation of Solution

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Chapter 22 Solutions