Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781260163698
Author: Cowan
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 2.1, Problem 1MM
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The Making of the Flu Vaccine: An Example of a Live Growth Medium
Have you ever wondered why health care workers ask about allergic reactions to eggs prior to immunizing patients? Live attenuated vaccines are sometimes created by culturing a virus, such as the influenza virus, in live animals, often chick embryos. The virus is inoculated into fertilized eggs, which are then incubated to encourage the replication of large numbers of virus particles. The contents of the eggs are then collected and purified to create the vaccine.
Today, influenza vaccine preparations contain such low levels of egg protein trial they can be safely administered even in most individuals with allergies though it is recommended that they be medically monitored after receiving the dose. Vaccines in which the virus has been grown in cell culture, rather than in chicken eggs, are also available.
Q. Based on the information here, do you think that influenza viruses can infect (adult) birds? Why or why not?
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Virology: To make an mRNA vaccine ,you need 1) a template ,2)an RNA polymerase and 3) a mechanism for adding a 5’ cap( example: a capping enzyme or a capping analog ) .Describe in 1- 3 sentences why you each of these 3 items to make an mRNA vaccine .
An illness with an envelope or wrapper around it. In a process known as "sprouting off," the infected cell, or host, produces this membrane. Recently framed virus particles are "encompassed" or encased by an exterior coat formed using a little piece of the phone's plasma film during the maturing system.
Endocytosed enveloped viruses exit endosomal compartments during endosome development and fusion with the lysosome for this reason. However, some viruses are able to escape earlier in the process than others.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 2.1 - Explain what the Five Is are and what each step...Ch. 2.1 - Discuss three physical states of media and when...Ch. 2.1 - Compare and contrast selective and differential...Ch. 2.1 - Provide brief definitions for defined media and...Ch. 2.1 - Medical Moment The Making of the Flu Vaccine: An...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 1NPCh. 2.1 - Prob. 2NPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 5AYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 7AYP
Ch. 2.2 - Give examples of simple, differential, and special...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 3NPCh. 2.2 - Medical Moment Gram-Positive Versus Gram-Negative...Ch. 2 - The identities of microorganisms on our planet a....Ch. 2 - Prob. 2QCh. 2 - Often bacteria that are freshly isolated from a...Ch. 2 - Which of these types of organisms is least likely...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5QCh. 2 - Some bacteria can produce a structure called an...Ch. 2 - A fastidious organism must be grown on what type...Ch. 2 - Write a short paragraph to differentiate among the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 9QCh. 2 - Viruses are commonly grown in/on a. animal cells...Ch. 2 - Can you devise a growth medium with ingredients...Ch. 2 - There is a type of differential medium that can...Ch. 2 - Prob. 13QCh. 2 - Several bacteria live naturally in a material on...Ch. 2 - Archaea often grow naturally in extreme...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16QCh. 2 - After performing the streak plate procedure on a...Ch. 2 - You are a scientist studying a marsh area...Ch. 2 - Prob. 19QCh. 2 - Prob. 20QCh. 2 - You perform the special stain for bacterial...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1VC
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