Chapter 20, Problem 20.50P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For a reaction be relatively independent of temperature $T$ if $S^o$ of each reactant and product increase with $T$, the corresponding reaction entropy changes $\Delta S^o$ has to be predicted.

If $S^o$ of each reactant and product increase with temperature T, then how $\Delta S^o$ for the reaction is relatively independent of temperature has to be identified.   

Concept Introduction:

Entropy is a thermodynamic quantity, which is the measure of randomness in a system.  The term entropy is useful in explaining the spontaneity of a process.  For all spontaneous process in an isolated system there will be an increase in entropy.  Entropy is represented by the letter ‘S’. It is a state function.  The change in entropy gives information about the magnitude and direction of a process.  The entropy of one mole of substance at a given standard state is called standard molar entropy ($S^o$).

Free energy is the term that is used to explain the total energy content in a thermodynamic system that can be converted into work.  The free energy is represented by the letter G.  All spontaneous process is associated with the decrease of free energy in the system.  The equation given below helps us to calculate the change in free energy in a system.

  $\text{ΔG = }\Delta {\rm H}\text{- T}\Delta \text{S}$

Where,

  $\text{ΔG }$ is the change in free energy of the system

  $\Delta {\rm H}$ is the change in enthalpy of the system

  $\text{T}$ is the absolute value of the temperature

  $\Delta \text{S}$ is the change in entropy in the system