Definition Definition Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It uniquely identifies an element, as the number of protons determines the element's properties. The periodic table of elements is arranged based on increasing atomic numbers, allowing scientists to easily locate and study elements.
Chapter 2, Problem 2.101QP
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The total number of electrons, valence electrons and number of energy level for Hydrogen element has to be founded.
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The total number of electrons, valence electrons and number of energy level for Sodium element has to be founded.
(c)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The total number of electrons, valence electrons and number of energy level for Boron element has to be founded.
(d)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The total number of electrons, valence electrons and number of energy level for Fluorine element has to be founded.
(e)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The total number of electrons, valence electrons and number of energy level for Neon element has to be founded.
(f)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The total number of electrons, valence electrons and number of energy level for Helium element has to be founded.
Devise electrochemical cells in which the following reactions could be made to occur. If liquid
junctions are necessary, note them in the cell schematic appropriately, but neglect their effects.
(a) H2OH + OH¯
(b) 2H2O2
H₂O
(c) 2PbSO4 + 2H2O
(d) An
TMPD
PыO₂+ Pb + 4H+ + 20%¯¯
An + TMPD (in acetonitrile, where An and An are anthracene and its
anion radical, and TMPD and TMPD are N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine and its
cation radical. Use anthracene potentials for DMF solutions given in Appendix C.3).
(e) 2Ce3+ + 2H + BQ 2Ce4+ + H2Q (aqueous, where BQ is p-benzoquinone and H₂Q is p-
hydroquinone)
(f) Ag +Agl (aqueous)
(g) Fe3+ + Fe(CN)6 Fe²+ + Fe(CN) (aqueous)
Consider each of the following electrode-solution interfaces, and write the equation for the elec-
trode reaction that occurs first when the potential is moved in (1) a negative direction and (2) a posi-
tive direction from the open-circuit potential. Next to each reaction write the approximate potential
for the reaction in V vs. SCE (assuming the reaction is reversible).
(a) Pt/Cu2+ (0.01 M), Cd2+ (0.01 M), H2SO4(1 M)
(b) Pt/Sn2+ (0.01 M), Sn4+ (0.01 M), HCl(1 M)
(c) Hg/Cd2+ (0.01 M), Zn2+ (0.01 M), HCl(1 M)
What are the major products of both of the organic reactions. Please be sure to use wedge and dash bonds to show the stereochemistry of the products if it is needed. Please include the final product as well as a digram/drawing to show the mechanism of the reaction.
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