Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781260163698
Author: Cowan
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 2, Problem 15Q
Archaea often grow naturally in extreme environments. Those called extreme thermophiles thrive in hot springs and in high-temperature hydrothermal vents in the ocean. Invent a culturing technique you could use that would be selective for these organisms.
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Students have asked these similar questions
A budding artisanal cheesemaker is trying to establish her own starter culture, but there
is an archaeal contaminant she finds difficult to get rid of. Instead of producing lactic acid,
the Archaea ferments the milk sugars into alcohol, an extremely undesirable effect in
cheese making, therefore ruining many of her cheesemaking efforts.
She asked microbiologists for help to find a strategy that may hinder the growth or even
kill the archaeal cells, but not the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in rest of her starter culture.
The microbiologists come up with different things to try. In the table below are some
strategies that she tries.
Practice Question Chapter 3
5. Predict what the results are going to be for each strategy she uses. Assume each
inhibitor is specific. Assume she doesn't know the species of Archaea that is
contaminating her starter culture.
Answer yes, no, or maybe where appropriate, explain your answer in the last row
of the table below.
Will stop cell
growth of
Archaea
Will…
You wish to know whether Archaea exist in a lake water sample but are unsuccessful in culturing any. Using techniques
described in this chapter, how could you determine whether Archaea exist in the sample, and if they do, what proportion
of the cells in the lake sample are Archaea?
By accident, you placed a mesophile organism in a growth medium at pH 8. You expected it to die but there was some growth. What mechanism could it have used?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 2.1 - Explain what the Five Is are and what each step...Ch. 2.1 - Discuss three physical states of media and when...Ch. 2.1 - Compare and contrast selective and differential...Ch. 2.1 - Provide brief definitions for defined media and...Ch. 2.1 - Medical Moment The Making of the Flu Vaccine: An...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 1NPCh. 2.1 - Prob. 2NPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 5AYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 7AYP
Ch. 2.2 - Give examples of simple, differential, and special...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 3NPCh. 2.2 - Medical Moment Gram-Positive Versus Gram-Negative...Ch. 2 - The identities of microorganisms on our planet a....Ch. 2 - Prob. 2QCh. 2 - Often bacteria that are freshly isolated from a...Ch. 2 - Which of these types of organisms is least likely...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5QCh. 2 - Some bacteria can produce a structure called an...Ch. 2 - A fastidious organism must be grown on what type...Ch. 2 - Write a short paragraph to differentiate among the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 9QCh. 2 - Viruses are commonly grown in/on a. animal cells...Ch. 2 - Can you devise a growth medium with ingredients...Ch. 2 - There is a type of differential medium that can...Ch. 2 - Prob. 13QCh. 2 - Several bacteria live naturally in a material on...Ch. 2 - Archaea often grow naturally in extreme...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16QCh. 2 - After performing the streak plate procedure on a...Ch. 2 - You are a scientist studying a marsh area...Ch. 2 - Prob. 19QCh. 2 - Prob. 20QCh. 2 - You perform the special stain for bacterial...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1VC
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- discuss at least five different examples of extremophiles on Earth and discuss how they thrive in their special environments (or, each person can choose one extremophile to research and share with the rest of the group). Extrapolate these extreme survival abilities to the kinds of life that might be able to survive in the very different environments throughout our Solar System? Do you think that watery places like Europa or Enceladus would be a better environment to search for life as opposed to somewhere like the clouds of Venus? Why or why not? For more information on possible life in Venus' atmosphere,arrow_forwardConsidering what you know about molds and yeasts, why do you think that we do not use the same nutrient agar used for bacteria to grow yeasts and moldsarrow_forwardOxidase positive, Gram negative, short rod organisms which produce green to yellow-green water soluble fluorescent pigments belong to the genus.... Group of answer choices Pseudomonas Escherichia Alcaligenes Burkholderiaarrow_forward
- Which of the following is the best definition of the word extremophile? bacteria that can withstand very acidic conditions bacteria that can withstand very salty conditions archaea that can withstand temperatures over 120°C bacteria that are able to live in extreme conditionsarrow_forwardwhat makes areobic or presence of oxygen conditions good for bacteria to growarrow_forwardClostridium botulinum is a strict anaerobe; that is, it is killed by the molecular oxygen (O2) present in air. Humans can die of botulism from eating foods in which C. botulism is growing. How does this bacterium survive on plants picked for human consumption? Why are home-canned foods most often the source of botulism?arrow_forward
- A large oil spill in the Pacific Ocean is threatening marine life. Scientists charged with cleaning up the spill believe bioremediation is the best option, but they are not sure what type of bacterial species to use in the bioremediation process. To help them in their decision, they have listed the nutritional modes of each species. Given your knowledge of the different nutritional modes of bacteria, which nutritional mode would be most beneficial in bioremediation of the oil spill? Chemophototroph Extremotroph Photoautotroph Chemoheterotropharrow_forwardArchaea that live in an extremely high pH levels are called hyperalkaliphiles. Select one: True Falsearrow_forwardWhy might clinical medicine have an interest in understanding bacterial cell division at the molecular level? Explain why a hyperthermophile would probably not be a human pathogen. Describe four factors that may have an influence on the effectiveness of an antimicrobial treatment. Explain why 70% or 80% alcohol is more effective than 100% alcohol in controlling microorganisms.arrow_forward
- Most ecosystems on Earth rely on sunlight as the primary energy source for the synthesis of organic compounds that living organisms need. Sunlight does not penetrate deep enough in the ocean to provide energy for organisms living near hydrothermal vents. How can these densely populated communities survive without energy from the sun? A. chemoheterotrophic bacteria convert organic compounds into carbon dioxide which is used by other organisms as an energy source B. chemoautotrophic bacteria harvest chemical energy from hydrogen sulfide and then provide the basis of food for the vent communities C. chemoheterotrophic bacteria harvest chemical energy from hydrogen sulfide and then provide the basis of food for the vent communities D. chemoautotrophic bacteria fix nitrogen which then is used as a source of energy for other organismsarrow_forwardIs it possible for the Didinium and Paramecium to coexist on a petri dish? Select one: A. Yes B. No Please answer asap and in shortarrow_forwardBacteria are useful to study becausearrow_forward
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