Chapter 19.4, Problem 108E

4. Supply and Demand. The table gives hypothetical data for the quantity of electric scooters demanded and supplied per month. Price per Electric Scooter Quantity Quantity Demanded Supplied $150 500 250 $175 475 350 $200 450 450 $225 425 550 $250 400 650 $275 375 750 a. Graph the demand and supply curves. Note if you prefer to hand draw separately, you may and insert the picture separately. Price per Scooter 300 275 250 225 200 175 150 250 400 375425475 350 450 550 650 750 500 850 Quantity b. Find the equilibrium price and quantity using the graph above. c. Illustrate on your graph how an increase in the wage rate paid to scooter assemblers would affect the market for electric scooters. Label any new lines in the same graph above to distinguish changes. d. What would happen if there was an increase in the wage rate paid to scooter assemblers at the same time that tastes for electric scooters increased? 1ང

3. Production Costs Clean 'n' Shine is a competitor to Spotless Car Wash. Like Spotless, it must pay $150 per day for each automated line it uses. But Clean 'n' Shine has been able to tap into a lower-cost pool of labor, paying its workers only $100 per day. Clean 'n' Shine's production technology is given in the following table. To determine its short-run cost structure, fill in the blanks in the table. Fill in the columns below. Outpu Capita Labor TFC TVC TC MC AFC AVC ATC 1 0 30 1 1 70 1 2 120 1 3 160 1 4 190 1 5 210 1 6 a. Over what range of output does Clean 'n' Shine experience increasing marginal returns to labor? Over what range does it experience diminishing marginal returns to labor? (*answer both questions) b. As output increases, do average fixed costs behave as described in the text? Explain. C. As output increases, do marginal cost, average variable cost, and average total cost behave as described in the text? Explain. d. Looking at the numbers in the table, but without…

2. Elasticity and the Minimum Wage - The following graph depicts two labor markets for cashiers. We assume the same supply curve (cashiers respond similarly to wage offers in each city) but different demand functions (employer demand is more elastic – more responsive to wages - in one city than the other, perhaps because one has higher quality retail stores than the other). The y-axis shows hourly wages in dollars; the x-axis shows the number of employees in hundreds. Wage 12 11 29 10 9 00 8 7 Supply 5 4 3 2 1 D2 12 D1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Employment 11 With minimum wage of 8 dollars: A. What is the equilibrium level of employment before the minimum wage is imposed? B. A) According to the graph and given a minimum wage of 8 dollars, how many workers would employers want to hire if the demand for workers in City #1 looked like D1? B) How does that number compare to the market equilibrium employment? C. A) In City #1 (with demand curve D1), would there be an excess supply of…