
(a) What is the collective name for the group 18 elements? (b) Write down, in order, the names and symbols of these elements; check your answer by reference to the first page of this chapter. (c) What common feature does the ground state electronic configuration of each element possess?
(a)

Interpretation:
The collective name of the group 18 elements must be interpreted.
Concept introduction: All known elements are arranged in the form of the periodic table. Here, the elements are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic number.
The table is divided into 18 groups and 7 rows which are called periods. The elements of the same group show a periodic trend in their chemical and physical properties.
Answer to Problem 1P
The collective name of the group-18 elements is noble gases or inert elements.
Explanation of Solution
The elements of group-18 have the general electronic configuration as
(b)

Interpretation:
The name and symbols of the elements of the group 18 elements must be interpreted.
Concept introduction: All known elements are arranged in the form of the periodic table. Here the elements are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic number.
The table is divided into 18 groups and 7 rows which are called periods. The elements of the same group show a periodic trend in their chemical and physical properties.
Answer to Problem 1P
Element | Name of the element |
Helium | |
Neon | |
Argon | |
Krypton | |
Xenon | |
Radon |
Explanation of Solution
The elements of group-18 have the general electronic configuration as
Element | Name of the element |
Helium | |
Neon | |
Argon | |
Krypton | |
Xenon | |
Radon |
(c)

Interpretation:
The common feature of the ground state electronic configuration of each element of the group 18 elements must be interpreted.
Concept introduction: All known elements are arranged in the form of the periodic table. Here, the elements are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic number.
The table is divided into 18 groups and 7 rows which are called periods. The elements of the same group show a periodic trend in their chemical and physical properties.
Answer to Problem 1P
The common feature for these elements is the octet configuration of all elements in their valence shell excluding Helium that has duplet configuration.
Explanation of Solution
The elements of group-18 have the general electronic configuration as
Element | Name of the element | Valence Electronic configuration |
Helium | ||
Neon | ||
Argon | ||
Krypton | ||
Xenon | ||
Radon |
The common feature for these elements is the octet configuration of all elements in their valence shell excluding Helium, which has a duplet configuration.
This configuration makes them stable and least reactive compare to other elements.
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