Chapter 18, Problem 18.48P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The acid, base and conjugate acid-base pair for the given ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}\text{+}{\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}\underset{}{\rightleftharpoons }{\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{+}}\text{+}{\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{-}}$ has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Conjugate acid-Base pairs:

The acid donates the proton to form its conjugate base and the base accepts a proton to form its conjugate acid.

When an acid is dissolved in water, the acid $\text{(HA)}$ donates a proton to water to form a new acid (conjugate acid) and a new base (conjugate base).

The pair of an Acid –Base differs by a proton called conjugated Acid-Base pair.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The acid, base and conjugate acid-base pair for the given ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\text{+}{\text{O}}^{\text{2-}}\underset{}{\rightleftharpoons }{\text{HO}}^{\text{-}}\text{+}{\text{HO}}^{\text{-}}$ has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Conjugate acid-Base pairs:

The acid donates the proton to form its conjugate base and the base accepts a proton to form its conjugate acid.

When an acid is dissolved in water, the acid $\text{(HA)}$ donates a proton to water to form a new acid (conjugate acid) and a new base (conjugate base).

The pair of an Acid –Base differs by a proton called conjugated Acid-Base pair.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The acid, base and conjugate acid-base pair for the given ${\text{BrO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{-}}\text{+}{\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{+}}\underset{}{\rightleftharpoons }{\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}^{}\text{+}{\text{HBrO}}_{\text{3}}$ has to be identified

Concept introduction:

Conjugate acid-Base pairs:

The acid donates the proton to form its conjugate base and the base accepts a proton to form its conjugate acid.

When an acid is dissolved in water, the acid $\text{(HA)}$ donates a proton to water to form a new acid (conjugate acid) and a new base (conjugate base).

The pair of an Acid –Base differs by a proton called conjugated Acid-Base pair.