PRESCOTT'S MICROBIO W/PROCTORIO
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781264731060
Author: WILLEY
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17.1, Problem 5MI
Why must introns be removed from eukaryotic DNA before it can be expressed in a bacterium?
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What are the differences between translation and transcription in bacteria and eukaryotes? Give a brief description of how transcription works in bacteria using the words: initiation, elongation, and termination. Give a brief description of how mRNA is transcribed in the nucleus and leaves the nucleus. Must use words: 3’ cap, 5’ tail, ribsome, gene splicing, introns, nuclear pore.
Which of the following regulatory sequence allows transcription to continue?
a) Sequence 4
b) Sequence 1
c) Sequence 2
d) Sequence 3
What would happen if an intron wasn't taken out before translation? And are there
mechanisms to prevent this or to fix it?
Chapter 17 Solutions
PRESCOTT'S MICROBIO W/PROCTORIO
Ch. 17.1 - Examine the uncut piece of DNA shown in the upper...Ch. 17.1 - Which of the above enzymes yield blunt ends? Which...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 3MICh. 17.1 - What would you conclude if you obtained only blue...Ch. 17.1 - Why must introns be removed from eukaryotic DNA...Ch. 17.1 - Which plasmid is a shuttle vector? Why?Ch. 17.1 - In what ways does the BAC shown here differ from...Ch. 17.1 - Describe restriction enzymes, sticky ends, and...Ch. 17.1 - What is cDNA? Why is it necessary to generate cDNA...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 3CC
Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 17.1 - Prob. 5CCCh. 17.2 - Why, after three cycles, are the vast majority of...Ch. 17.2 - Briefly describe the polymerase chain reaction....Ch. 17.2 - Why is PCR used to detect infectious agents that...Ch. 17.2 - How would you use PCR to measure the concentration...Ch. 17.2 - Why is it possible to visualize a PCR product on...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 17.3 - Why are long fragments (e.g., 20,000 bp) of...Ch. 17.4 - What special considerations are necessary if one...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 17.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 17.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 17.4 - You are studying chemotaxis proteins in a newly...Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 1MICh. 17.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 17.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 17 - Which of the DNA molecules shown are recombinant?Ch. 17 - Prob. 1RCCh. 17 - Prob. 2RCCh. 17 - Prob. 3RCCh. 17 - Prob. 4RCCh. 17 - Prob. 5RCCh. 17 - Prob. 6RCCh. 17 - Prob. 1ALCh. 17 - Prob. 2ALCh. 17 - Suppose you transformed a plasmid vector carrying...Ch. 17 - You are interested in the activity and regulation...Ch. 17 - Prob. 5ALCh. 17 - Prob. 6ALCh. 17 - Prob. 7AL
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- Put the following processes in order of their occurrence during expression of a eukaryotic gene: a. mRNA processing c. transcription b. translation d. RNA leaves nucleusarrow_forwardWhich statement is false: A) Each type of protein ( ex: hemoglobin vs trypsionngen) varies in the length and amino acid sequence of its peptide B) After the rpocess of transcription is complete, the mRNA that is produced will continue being tranlsated by ribosomes for the rest of the cells life. mRNA never breaks down C) A ribosome will bind to an mRNA and will translate the sequence by reading one codon at a time and adding one amino acid to the peptide chain. It will stop the translation once it encounters a stop codon D) The gene for a protein provides the information on the legth of the peptide, along w the amino acid sequence so the protein can be synthesized by a ribosome E) Once mRNA has left the nucleus, ribosomes will bind to it and will follow the instructions in its sequence to make the new protienarrow_forwarda) The deacetylation of histones generally causes gene inactivation. True or false? b)During eukaryotic translation, the first contact between the ribosome and the mRNA is usually made when the small ribosomal subunit directly binds to the translational start site (Kozak sequence) on the mRNA. True or false? c)The termination of translation is carried out by a single tRNA molecule that recognizes all three stop codons. True or false? d) The deamination of cytosine, which produces uracil, is less likely to be repaired, compared to the deamination of 5-methylcytosine, which produces thymine.True or false? e)An HLH-bHLH heterodimer can bind DNA. True or false? F)Chromatin remodeling complexes posseses ATPase activity. True or false? g)Histone methylation generally causes gene inactivation. True or false? h) A pre-mRNA is cleaved downstream of its polyA signal before the transcription terminates. True or false? i) During X chromosome inactivation in female mammals, most genes are repressed…arrow_forward
- Describe in detail the steps of translation termination in bacteria. Explain what happens.arrow_forwardThe following is a DNA sequence of gene Z. The underlined sequence represents the promoter for gene Z and the underlined and italicized sequence encodes the gene Z ribosome binding (RBS) site. Transcription begins at and includes the T/A base pair at position 60 (bold)arrow_forwardMicrobiologists describe the processes of transcription and translation as “coupled” in bacteria. This term indicates that bacterial mRNA can be undergoing transcription at the same moment it is also undergoing translation. How is coupling possible in bacteria? Is coupling of transcription and translation possible in single-celled eukaryotes, such as yeast? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements regarding splicing in eukaryotes is correct?a) Several reactions in the splicing process involve hydrolysis of ATPb) Exons are spliced out and introns are retained in the mature mRNA transcriptc) Splicing takes place in the cytosold) Small nuclear RNAs are retained in the mature mRNA transcriptarrow_forwardExplain what is meant by the coupling of transcription and translation in bacteria. Does coupling occur in bacterial and/or eukaryotic cells? Explain.arrow_forwardWhat could be the effect of a base substitution which prevents post-transcriptional removal of an intron?arrow_forward
- Bacteria use the same stop codons as eukaryotes. However, bacterial transcription is also terminated in places where the mRNA folds back on itself to form a hairpin-looped structure like the one shown below. How do you think that this structure stops transcription?arrow_forwardA given coding strand sequence in a Eukaryote is as follows 5'GGGAATATAA GACCGATGGA GGGTACAG CCCTATCAC GATACGCAGG ATAGCAGCA 3" a) Mark the promoter in blue and transcribe from the G after the promoter. b) Translate the mRNA made c) The mRNA made by the cell was 10 nucleotides shorter than what you have made. What could have happened? d) EXTRA practice: A particular triplet of bases in the coding strand of DNA is 5'GAC 3'. What is the amino acid for this codon and will be the anticodon on the tRNA that binds the mRNA codon?arrow_forwardThe following sequence is from a region of the M13 bacteriophage genome. Identify and label the promoter elements that would be recognized by the bacterial RNA polymerase. Where would transcription begin? CAGGCGATGATCAAATCTCCGTTGTACTTTGTTTCGCGCGTTGGTATAATCGCTGGGGTCAAGATGAGTarrow_forward
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