Advanced Engineering Mathematics
Advanced Engineering Mathematics
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781284105902
Author: Dennis G. Zill
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
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In this exercise, we will investigate a technique to prove that a language is notregular. This tool is called the pumping lemma.The pumping lemma says that if M = (S, I, f, s0, F ) is a DFA with p states (i.e., p = |S|) and if the wordw is in L(M ) (the language generated by M ) and w has length greater than or equal to p, then w may bedivided into three pieces, w = xyz, satisfying the following conditions:1. For each i ∈ N, xy^i z ∈ L(M ).2. |y| > 0 (i.e., y contains at least one character).3. |xy| ≤ p (i.e., the string xy has at most p characters).   Use the pumping lemma to show the following language is not regular (HINT: Use proof by contradictionto assume the language is regular and apply the pumping lemma to the language):L = {0^k1^k | k ∈ N}
A prefix of length ℓ of some word w are the first ℓ characters (in order) of w.1. Construct a context-free grammar for the language: L = {w ∈ {a, b}∗ | every prefix of w has at least as many a’s as b’s}2. Explain why every word generated by your context-free grammar (in Part 1) is contained in L. Then,prove via induction that every w ∈ L is produced by your context-free grammar.
Consider a simplified version of American football where on any possession ateam can earn 0, 3 or 7 points. What is the smallest number n0 of points such that for all n ≥ n0 and n ∈ Na team could earn n points. You must prove that your answer is correct via induction (HINT: Don’t forgetto show that n0 is the smallest number above which any number of points is reachable).
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