Chapter 13, Problem 13.6P

An industry is proposing to construct a new coal-fired power plant that produces 2300 MW electricity with efficiency of 39%. Coal has a heating value of 10,750 Btu/lb, and contains a sulfur content of 2.4%. It is expected that 95% of sulfur will be converted to SO2. The New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) limits the SO2 emission rate from any coal-fired power plants to 1.2 lb/ 106 Btu heat input. Use the engineering calculation approach to determine the followings. a) Coal consumption rate in lb/hr b) SO2 emission rate in lb/hr c) Determine if the newly proposed power plant is required to install a flue gas desulfurization (FGD) process for SO2 removal from the flue gas. What percent SO2 removal is required?

A stack gas at 1 atm and 440oC contains 1100 ppm NO2. If the stack gas is emitted at the rate of 15,000 m3/min, what is the NO2 emission rate in grams per second?

A distillate fired industrial boiler rated at 60 million BTU/hr uses 2 million gallons per year of 0.25% sulfur distillate. What are its emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), SO2 and formaldehyde? Emission factors of air pollutants for distillate combustion in an industrial boiler are given below. NOX Pollutant Emission factor (lb/103 gallon 20 * SO2 142S* PM 10 2 CO 5 VOCs 0.2 Benzene 0.1863 Formaldehyde 1.7261 Cadmium Chromium(VI) *S= %S in fuel 0.0015 0.0002

3. Consider a new 1800 MW power plant that burns dry sub-bituminous coal in a PC-wall-fired, wet bottom furnace with plant efficiency of 39%. Use the emission factors in your lecture notes to determine the emission rates of all particulates, PM10, SOx, NOx and CO in ton per year. No gas treatment equipment was installed.

1. The particulate emissions were measured from a factory stack. The stack was divided into three sectors with different cross-sectional areas. The measured velocities and particulate concentrations were given below. Sector number 1 2 3 Cross-sectional Stack velocity area (m²) (ft/s) 1.0 60 1.2 45 1.4 55 Particulate concentration (mg/m³) 450 530 610 a) What is the average particulate concentration in mg/m³? b) What are the particulate emissions per unit area in g/m²-s for sector number 1, 2 and 3? c) What are the flow rates of particulates in g/s for sector number 1, 2 and 3?

An urban county with an area of 1,000 mile² has an estimated 18 million miles of vehicular traffic per day and has a large power plant. The power plant produces 350 MW of electricity at an efficiency of 39%, burning 10,000 Btu/lb coal. The vehicle emission factor for VOCs is 6 grams/mile; the coal-fired boiler emission factor for VOCs is 1.4 lb/ton coal; biogenic emission of VOCs is 0.4 kg/km²-hr on the average. Determine the total emissions of VOCs in tons/day from all sources (mobile, power plant, and biogenic).

For automobile, gasoline is a complex mixture of relatively volatile hydrocarbon blended for use in spark-ignition engines. Every time fuel is burned, the carbon is converted to carbon dioxide (CO2), the natural end product of combustion. If we approximate the chemical  formula for gasoline by the compound octane (C8H18) with a density of 739 grams/liter, the stoichiometric reaction for complete combustion is: C8H18 + 12.5O2  8CO2 + 9H2O Thus, for every mole of C8H18 fuel that is burned, eight moles of CO2 are produced, along with nine moles of water vapor. Estimate the CO2 emission in grams per mile for a car getting 12 km/liter of gasoline.

The farming plan of steel structure has 30 ft long simply supported beams spaced at 8 ft apart. The beams carry dead loads (D) and live loads (L). The selected beam size is W 18x50. 1) Based on 0.3Fy allowable stress limit due to dead loads only (D), what will be the maximum D load in psf that can be applied to the beams? Ignore beam weight. 2) Using the D load obtained from Part 1 and based on 0.6Fy allowable stress limit due to combined dead loads and live loads, what will be the maximum live load L in psf  that can be applied to the beams? 3) If the maximum mid span deflection due to live loads (L) is L/360 ( or 1.0 in in this case), what will be the maximum L load in psf  that can be applied to the beams?

From two inaccessible but intervisible points A and B, the angles to two triangulation stations C and D were observed as follows: Line AB = 500 m long. Angle CAB = 79 deg 30° Angle DAB = 28 deg 30° Angle DBC = 31 deg 30° Angle DBA = 84 deg 30°   Find the distance BC Find the distance BD Find the distance CD