ORGANIC CHEMISTRY W/CONNECT & ALEKS
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781264683888
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Draw and describe the hybridization process of PROPENE, CH3CH=CH2. State the type of hybrid of each carbon, label all the bonds involve.
Methyl isocyanate, CH3 -N= C = O, is used in the industrial synthesis of a type of pesticide and herbicide known as a carbamate. As a historical note, an industrial accident in Bhopal, India, in 1984 resulted in leakage of an unknown quantity of this chemical into the air. An estimated 200,000 people were exposed to its vapors, and over 2000 of these people died.
Q.) Write a Lewis structure for methyl isocyanate and predict its bond angles. What is the hybridization of its carbonyl carbon? Of its nitrogen atom?
11. Which statement is true of the carbon-carbon bonds in benzene?
(a) They are identical to the carbon-carbon bonds in cyclohexane.
(b) They are identical to the carbon-carbon bonds in cyclohexene.
(c) They are half-way between a double and single bond.
(d) They are easily broken in chemical reactions.
(e) They are all double bonds.
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- The bonding between the carbon and oxygen in a ketone can be described as C(sp2)-0(sp²), o-bond and C(p)-O(p), л-bond. How would you describe the bonding between carbon and oxygen in a ketene? Sketch the orbitals used to make the bonds in the ketene. H a ketenearrow_forwardSodium triacetoxyborohydride, NaBH(OAc)3, is a mild reducing agent that reduces aldehydesmuch more quickly than ketones. It can be used to reduce aldehydes in the presence of ketones,such as in the following reaction:CH3 C CH2O OC H CH3 C CH2OCH2OHNaBH(OAc)3CH3COOH(a) Draw a complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride.(b) Propose a mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydridearrow_forwardWhat is the hybridization of the C in this aldehyde?arrow_forward
- Draw the line-bond structure of oleic acid (cis-9-octadecenoic acid), CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH, at physiological pH. You do not need to draw hydrogen atoms attached to carbon atoms.arrow_forwardWhat is the hybridization of carbon in a singlet paired methylene and a triple paired methylene?arrow_forwardFormation of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen is an exothermic process. Which of the following statements is true about the bonds that are broken and formed during this reaction? N2(g) + 3H2(g) ---> 2NH3(g) a.) products have lower PE because product bonds are weaker than reactants b.) products have higher PE because product bonds are stronger than reactants c.) products have higher PE because product bonds are weaker than reactants d.) products have lower PE because product bonds are stronger than reactantsarrow_forward
- One way of naming alcohols is to name the alkyl group that is attached to the −OH and add the word alcohol. Write bond-line formulas for (a.) propyl alcohol and (b.) isopropyl alcohol.arrow_forward1. Explain the two ways that methane (CH4) illustrates the need for hybridized molecular bonds. Draw a picture to represent the hybridization of carbon's orbitals and their overlap with hydrogen's. Label each orbital used in bonding with its letters and each bond as sigma or pi.arrow_forwardDraw a line-bond structure for propyne, CH3Ca%!CH. Indicate the hybridization of the orbitals on each carbon, and predict a value for each bond angle.arrow_forward
- For each of the following compounds, 1. draw the Lewis structure. 2. show how the bond dipole moments (and those of any nonbonding pairs of electrons) contribute to the molecular dipole moment. 3. estimate whether the compound will have a large, small, or zero dipole moment.arrow_forwardCaffeine is an aromatic compound. Using resonance structures, show how the sixmember ring can be drawn in its "benzoid" form. Indicate the hybridization of each nitrogen atom and specify the hybridization of the orbital occupied by each of the lone pairs.Write all possible reasonable resonance structures for the following compounds. Label the major and minor contributors to each resonance hybrid. N : Z— N:arrow_forwardGive the number of all of sigma bonds and all of the pi bonds for benzene, C6H6. H HIC I H 6 sigma bonds, 3 pi bonds 12 sigma bonds, 3 pi bonds 6 sigma bonds, 6 pi bonds O 3 sigma bonds, 6 pi bonds O 15 sigma bonds, 3 pi bondsarrow_forward
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