DNA and RNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is usually called the blueprint of life. Deoxyribose is a monosaccharide that has a key function in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. One less oxygen-containing hydroxyl group occurs in deoxyribose sugar. Nucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, is one of the natural components. Deoxyribonucleic acid is a double-stranded molecule. Watson and Crick postulated the double-stranded model of the helix. A deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecular group that carries and transmits genetic information from parents to offspring. All eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are involved.
DNA as the Genetic Material
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a long polymeric nucleic acid molecule discovered in the late 1930s. It is a polymer; a long chain-like molecule made up of several monomers connected in a sequence. It possesses certain characteristics that qualify it as a genetic component. Certain organisms have different types of nucleic acids as their genetic material - DNA or RNA.
Genetics
The significant branch in science which involves the study of genes, gene variations, and the organism's heredity is known as genetics. It is also used to study the involvement of a gene or set of genes in the health of an individual and how it prevents several diseases in a human being. Thus, genetics also creates an understanding of various medical conditions.
DNA Replication
The mechanism by which deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is capable of producing an exact copy of its own is defined as DNA replication. The DNA molecules utilize a semiconservative method for replication.
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ii. On the chemical basis, what’s the key difference between DNA and RNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a genetic material containing thousands of genes which code for various amino acids and proteins for the functioning of the body. The DNA formed in the nucleus is condensed into chromosomes packed with histone proteins which help in keeping the strands of DNA intact and untangled. The double-helical structure of DNA and its structural properties was given by watson and crick.
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) also contains genetic material but, rarely takes part in transferring the genes from one generation to another like DNA. Instead, it plays a vital role in ribosome and protein synthesis. RNA forms in the nucleolus, and then moves to the cytoplasm. Types of RNA are, mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA) and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).
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