The loading period for a structure was two years. Average settlement of 12 cm occurred five years after the structure’sload was first applied due to consolidation of an underlying clay layer. It is known that the final settlement will exceed 30 cm. Estimate the settlement after 10 years from the time the loading was started.

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Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.