Pathway one: PA = 3.00 atm Pc = 3.00 atm VA = 15.0 L Vc = 55.0 L PB = 6.00 atm %3D VB = 20.0 L %3! Pathway two: PA = 3.00 atm Pp = 6.00 atm %3D VA = 15.0 L Vр 15.0 L Рв 3 6.00 atm Vв 3D 20.0 L
Consider a sample containing 5.00 moles of a monatomic ideal gas that is taken from
state A to state B by the following two pathways:
For each step, assume that the external pressure is constant and equals the final
pressure of the gas for that step. Calculate q, w, ∆E and ∆H for each step in kJ, and
calculate overall values for each pathway. Explain how the overall values for the two
pathways illustrate that ∆E and ∆H are state functions, whereas q and w are path
functions. Hint: In a more rigorous study of thermochemistry, it can be shown that for
an ideal gas:
where Cv
is the molar heat capacity at constant volume and Cp
is the molar heat
capacity at constant pressure. In addition, for a monatomic ideal gas, and
, where R = 8.3145 J/K ·mol
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