Look at the Cu-Ni alloy in picture 1. After 700 hours of heat treatment at 1100 °C, the concentration of Cu is 2.5% by weight, 3 mm below the surface of Ni. What temperature is needed to achieve the same concentration 2 mm from the surface? D0 and Qd for Cu in Ni are given in picture 2

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
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Look at the Cu-Ni alloy in picture 1. After 700 hours of heat treatment at 1100 °C, the concentration of Cu is 2.5% by weight, 3 mm below the surface of Ni.
What temperature is needed to achieve the same concentration 2 mm from the surface?
D0 and Qd for Cu in Ni are given in picture 2

Concentration of Ni, Cu
100
Cu
Cu
Position
Ni
Ni
Transcribed Image Text:Concentration of Ni, Cu 100 Cu Cu Position Ni Ni
Diffusing
Species
Cb
8 UZ Z
Cc
Nb
Fec
Fe
Cud
Alc
Mgc
Zn
Mod
Nid
Zn
Cu
Cu
Mgc
Cuc
Nid
Host Metal
Fe (a or BCC)ª
Fe (y or FCC)
Fe (a or BCC)ª
Fe (y or FCC)"
Interstitial Diffusion
Self-Diffusion
Fe (a or BCC)"
Fe (y or FCC)ª
Cu (FCC)
Al (FCC)
Mg (HCP)
Zn (HCP)
Mo (BCC)
Ni (FCC)
Cu (FCC)
Zn (HCP)
Al (FCC)
Al (FCC)
Ni (FCC)
Cu (FCC)
Do (m²/s)
1.1 x 10-6
2.3 x 10-5
5.0 x 10-7
9.1 x 10-5
2.8 x 10-4
5.0 × 10-5
2.5 x 10-5
2.3 x 10-4
1.5 x 10-4
1.5 x 10-5
1.8 x 10-4
1.9 × 10-4
Interdiffusion (Vacancy)
2.4 x 10-5
2.1 x 10-4
6.5 x 10-5
1.2 x 10-4
2.7 x 10-5
1.9 × 10-4
Qa (J/mol)
87,400
148,000
77,000
168,000
251,000
284,000
200,000
144,000
136,000
94,000
461,000
285,000
189,000
124,000
136,000
130,000
256,000
230,000
Transcribed Image Text:Diffusing Species Cb 8 UZ Z Cc Nb Fec Fe Cud Alc Mgc Zn Mod Nid Zn Cu Cu Mgc Cuc Nid Host Metal Fe (a or BCC)ª Fe (y or FCC) Fe (a or BCC)ª Fe (y or FCC)" Interstitial Diffusion Self-Diffusion Fe (a or BCC)" Fe (y or FCC)ª Cu (FCC) Al (FCC) Mg (HCP) Zn (HCP) Mo (BCC) Ni (FCC) Cu (FCC) Zn (HCP) Al (FCC) Al (FCC) Ni (FCC) Cu (FCC) Do (m²/s) 1.1 x 10-6 2.3 x 10-5 5.0 x 10-7 9.1 x 10-5 2.8 x 10-4 5.0 × 10-5 2.5 x 10-5 2.3 x 10-4 1.5 x 10-4 1.5 x 10-5 1.8 x 10-4 1.9 × 10-4 Interdiffusion (Vacancy) 2.4 x 10-5 2.1 x 10-4 6.5 x 10-5 1.2 x 10-4 2.7 x 10-5 1.9 × 10-4 Qa (J/mol) 87,400 148,000 77,000 168,000 251,000 284,000 200,000 144,000 136,000 94,000 461,000 285,000 189,000 124,000 136,000 130,000 256,000 230,000
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