it-for-Life Foods reports the following income statement accounts for the year ended December 31. Gain on sale of equipment $ 6,150 Depreciation expense—Office copier $ 470 Office supplies expense 660 Sales discounts 16,700 Insurance expense 1,360 Sales returns and allowances 4,000 Sales 219,000 TV advertising expense 2,000 Office salaries expense 32,000 Interest revenue 610 Rent expense—Selling space 10,900 Cost of goods sold 89,100 Sales staff wages 23,900 Sales commission expense 12,700
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
Exercise 5-15 Preparing a multi-step income statement LO P4
Fit-for-Life Foods reports the following income statement accounts for the year ended December 31.
| Gain on sale of equipment | $ | 6,150 | $ | 470 | ||
| Office supplies expense | 660 | Sales discounts | 16,700 | |||
| Insurance expense | 1,360 | Sales returns and allowances | 4,000 | |||
| Sales | 219,000 | TV advertising expense | 2,000 | |||
| Office salaries expense | 32,000 | Interest revenue | 610 | |||
| Rent expense—Selling space | 10,900 | Cost of goods sold | 89,100 | |||
| Sales staff wages | 23,900 | Sales commission expense | 12,700 | |||
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