An astronaut is performing repairs on the outside of the International Space station. (a) The astronaut needs to remove a nut using a spanner and a torque of 7.0 Nm is required to achieve this. The maximum force that the astronaut can apply is 21 N. (i) In applying this maximum force to the spanner, what two things can the astronaut do to maximise the torque applied to the nut? Explain your answers. (ii) Calculate the minimum length of spanner required to achieve the stated torque using the maximum force.
Rigid Body
A rigid body is an object which does not change its shape or undergo any significant deformation due to an external force or movement. Mathematically speaking, the distance between any two points inside the body doesn't change in any situation.
Rigid Body Dynamics
Rigid bodies are defined as inelastic shapes with negligible deformation, giving them an unchanging center of mass. It is also generally assumed that the mass of a rigid body is uniformly distributed. This property of rigid bodies comes in handy when we deal with concepts like momentum, angular momentum, force and torque. The study of these properties – viz., force, torque, momentum, and angular momentum – of a rigid body, is collectively known as rigid body dynamics (RBD).
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