A sand layer 8 meters high overlies a clay layer that is 7 meters high. Ground water table is at the interface of sand and clay. The unit weight of sand is 16.92 kN/m3, saturated unit weight of clay is 19.23 kN/m3, void ratio of clay is 0.59, LL = 42. Determine the settlement (in mm) of the consolidating layer for a stress increase of 55.28 kPa. Round off to three decimals.

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A: Given:- Υsand=17.19 KN/m3Ysatcaly=19.9 KN/m3e0=0.53LL=43Δσ=52.7

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A: solution:   K=σhσv where,  σv=γ Z σh=K σv

Q: Question Attached

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Q: The effective stress

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Q: 12m 4m 12m 6m Sm 9m 14m

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Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.