A plot of current (amperes) versus the square root of scan rate (volts/sec) for the ferricyanide/ferrocyanide (n=1) reaction give a slope value of 0.0001257. The electrode diameter is 1.5 mm. The concentration of ferricyanide is 10 mM. Calculate the diffusion coefficient in cm2/sec.
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- 6) Voltammetry - In linear scan voltammetry, the diffusion current is proportional to the concentration of the species being reduced. In one experiment 250.00 mL of a 6.00 x 104 M Cd2+ (aq) solution was analyzed using a mercury electrode. The voltammetry scan from -0.6 to -1.2 V took 3.40 minutes to complete. The diffusion current for the reduction of Cd2+ at the mercury electrode was 14.0 μA (14.0 x 106 A). Cd²+ (aq) + 2 e --- -> Cd (s) a) How many mmol Cd2+ were initially present? (in the 250.00 mL solution) b) Using the current and time, calculate the charge (coulombs) delivered to the solution. c) How many mmol of Cd²+ were reduced (deposited) during the analysis by this current? d) Using the answers from parts (a) and (c), calculate the percentage of Cd²+ that was reduced in the analysis. e) A second solution of unknown Cd2+ concentration was analyzed similarly and the diffusion current was only 10.2 µA. What is the Cd2+ for the unknown solution? (Use current is proportional to…Zinc is to be used as an internal standard for the polarographic analysis of thallium. A standard solution containing twice the concentration of zinc as Thallium has a diffusion current of 1.89 µA for Ti and 3.50 µA for Zn. A 10.0g alloy was dissolved in 500 mL, 25 mL of this solution was mixed with 25 mL of 1.0 x 10-3 M Zn 2+ solution. The diffusion currents of this final solution are 18.2µA for Tl+ and 14.5µA for Zn+. Calculate % Ti in the sample analysedDiscuss the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of the technique of cyclic voltammetry in both qualitative and quantitative measurements.
- An unknown cadmium(II) solution was analyzed polarographically by the method of standard additions. A 25.00-mL sample of the unknown solution produced a diffusion current of 1.86 mA. Following addition of a 5.00-mL aliquot of 2.12x10^23 M Cd2+ standard solution to the unknown solution, a diffusion current of 5.27 mA was produced. Calculate the concentration of Cd2+ in the unknown solution.Consider the following statements as they apply to electrodes used in potentiometry. Decide if each is true or false. v Potentiometry is a technique in which only a very low current flows through the working electrode. A selectivity ratio of zero means that there is no interference from a particular ion. True True False v A saturated calomel electrode (SCE) is a common reference electrode that contains mercurous chloride, liquid mercury, and a saturated solution of KCI. False v A Ag/AgCl reference electrode can be used at temperatures higher than 60 °C whereas calomel electrodes cannot. False v A "combination" ion selective electrode (ISE) is a special electrode that measures more than one metal at a time. See Chapter 23 in your textbook. Submit Answer Incorrect. Tries 5/20 Previous TriesA conductivity cell was calibrated using 0.01 M KCl (κ = 1.4087x10-3 S/cm) and the measured resistance was 688 Ω. a. Determine the cell constant (include units). b. Determine the molar conductivity, Λm for a 0.0100 M AgNO3 solution in the same cell with a resistance reading of 777Ω.
- Calcium fluorapatite (Cap(PO),F2, FM 1008.6) laser crystals were doped with chromium to improve their efficiency. It was suspected that the chromium could be in the +4 oxidation state.² 1. To measure the total oxidizing power of chromium in the material, a crystal was dissolved in 2.9 M HCIO, at 100 °C, cooled to 20 °C, and titrated with standard Fe2+, using Pt and Ag|AgCl electrodes to find the end point. Chromium above the +3 state should oxidize an equivalent amount of Fe² + in this step. That is, Cr4 + would consume one Fe² + and Cº + in Cr₂0 would consume three Fe2+ Cr++ Fe² + →→→→ Cr³ + + Fe³ + Cr₂0²+3 Fe²+ +3 Fe²+C++. →→→→→ Cr³ + + 3 Fe³ + 2. In a second step, the total chromium content was measured by dissolving a crystal in 2.9 M HCIO, at 100 °C and cooling to 20 °C. Excess S,Oand Ag were then added to oxidize all chromium to Cr₂0. Unreacted $,0 was destroyed by boiling, and the remaining solution was titrated with standard Fe² +. In this step, each Cr in the original unknown…A conductance cell was calibrated by filling it with a 0.02 mol L¹ solution of potassium chloride (K = 0.2768 nm) and measuring the resistance at 25° C, which was found to be 457.3. The cell was then filled with a calcium chloride solution containing 0.555 g of CaCl₂ per liter. the measured resistance was 1050 ). calculate( a-) the cell constant for the cell, and (b-) the conductivity of the CaCl₂ solution. C K = G; C 2.9268 C k توA conductivity cell filled with a 0.01 M KCl solution was found to have a resistance of 189 ohms at 25oC. When filled with 0.01 M HCl solution, the cell gave a resistance of 64.8 ohms at the same temperature. At 25oC, the conductivity of 0.01 M KCl solution was 1.4088 x 10-3 S cm-1. Calculate (a) the cell constant and (b) the conductivity of the HCl solution. answer is [0.266; 4.105 x 10-3] please explain. thank you!
- lon selective electrode (ISE) is an electrochemical device for the selective determination of the concentration/activity of an ion based on the principle of potentiometry. Typical examples include pH electrodes and the fluoride ISE. To use an ISE, the potential of the ISE is first measured with a range of solutions containing different concentrations of the analyte. Then, a calibration curve is constructed by plotting the potential versus log₁0[ion]. For an ideal Ca²+ ion selective electrode, which of the following slopes is the one that you would expect? (T = 25 °C) Select one: a. -30 mV/dec O b. O c. 30 mV/dec 59 mV/dec O d. -59 mV/dec89. The differential pulse polarogram of 3.00 mL of solution containing the antibiotic tetracycline in 0.1 M acetate, pH 4, gives a maximum current of 152 nA at half-wave potential of -1.05 V. (vs S.C.E). When 0.500 mL containing 2.65.ppm of tetracycline was added, the current increased to 206 nA. How much tetracycline, in ppm, is in the original solution? A. 1.95 C. 0.76 B. D. 7.45 1.24An unknown cadmium(II) solution was analyzed polarographically by the method of standard additions. A 26.00-mL sample of the unknown solution produced a diffusion current of 1.77 µA. Following addition of a 6.00-mL aliquot of 4.76 × 10-3 M Cd²+ standard solution to the unknown solution, a diffusion current of 5.26 µA was produced. Calculate the concentration of Cd2+ in the unknown solution. Concentration = M