3.13 For the landing gear shown, points E, F, and G connect to the fuselage. The ground reactions are shown at the time of landing impact. Assume that - the connections at E and G can be treated as ball joints, - the connection F is a universal joint; i.e., it can resist torsion about the FPN axis as well as forces in all directions, and - the weight of the landing gear is negligible compared to the magnitude of the forces acting on it. %3D 26" E G F. 24" H. 30" D. L000 1b 12,500 15 T12,500 1s 25, 000 1b 20001, 3000 IL on each wheel
Design Against Fluctuating Loads
Machine elements are subjected to varieties of loads, some components are subjected to static loads, while some machine components are subjected to fluctuating loads, whose load magnitude tends to fluctuate. The components of a machine, when rotating at a high speed, are subjected to a high degree of load, which fluctuates from a high value to a low value. For the machine elements under the action of static loads, static failure theories are applied to know the safe and hazardous working conditions and regions. However, most of the machine elements are subjected to variable or fluctuating stresses, due to the nature of load that fluctuates from high magnitude to low magnitude. Also, the nature of the loads is repetitive. For instance, shafts, bearings, cams and followers, and so on.
Design Against Fluctuating Load
Stress is defined as force per unit area. When there is localization of huge stresses in mechanical components, due to irregularities present in components and sudden changes in cross-section is known as stress concentration. For example, groves, keyways, screw threads, oil holes, splines etc. are irregularities.
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