annotated-Lab%203%20Tutorial%201%20-%20Knudson.xlsx
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Texas Tech University *
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Course
1403
Subject
Statistics
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
Pages
6
Uploaded by JudgeMaskBadger31
Yellow highlights mark locations referred to in boxes.
Version 1.02
9/28/2015
Version 1.03
2/10/2016
Added explanation for using F4 button in absolute reference
In this tutorial, information is presented in blue
boxes.
An Excel file usually consists of multiple pages
(called
Worksheets
) that can be accessed by
clicking on tabs that appear at the bottom of the
window.
Instructions are in purple boxes.
Click on the worksheet tabs from left to right to
follow the tutorials on each page.
Exercises are presented in red boxes.
You can also use Excel's built-in help function by
pressing F1. Depending on the Excel version and
configuration, this may require an internet
connection .
This tutorial was developed in Excel 2010. Not all
features and functions may work the same way
in earlier or Mac versions of Excel.
Plant Number
Height (cm)
Mouse No.
Time (sec.)
1
7.5
1
31
2
10.1
2
33
3
8.3
3
163
4
9.8
4
33
5
5.7
5
28
6
10.3
6
29
7
9.2
Range =
136
7
33
8
8.7
8
27
9
27
Max
10.3
10
34
Min
5.7
11
35
Range
4.6
12
28
13
32
Range
4.6
The range of the
data is calculated in
B13 by subtracting
the minimum value
in B12 from the
maximum value in
B11.
Calculate the range of
Time data (in column K)
with a single formula in
cell H8.
The formulae to calculate
the range can be combined
into one. Check the formula
in B15.
Plant Number
Plant Height (mm)
Data
1
112
96.01035
2
102
104.105
3
106
117.7388
4
120
99.2052
5
98
114.1852
6
106
98.52444
7
80
103.1756
8
105
87.03628
9
106
95.38911
10
110
137.6266
11
95
106.5698
12
98
94.90177
13
74
128.4879
14
112
84.23827
15
115
76.42927
16
109
111.8783
17
100
91.34343
93.98116
Mean
102.8235
Mean
103
Mean
103.2426
96.77356
Variance
137.7794
Variance
138
Variance
290.9495
78.95172
Standard Deviation
11.7379
SD
11.7
Standard Deviation
17.05724
139.2985
115.4865
Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation can be calculated by using a single
formula (see B20, B21, and B22).
For Variance, use the functions "VAR" or "VAR.S" and for Standard Deviation,
"STDEV" or "STDEV.S".
We are showing many decimal points in
our worksheet, but because the original
data only measured 3 significant digits,
the values should be reported as:
Mean = 103 mm
Variance = 138 mm
2
SD = 11.7 mm
You can format each cell to show only
three significant digits, but Excel keeps
more digits internally. Click on E20, 21, 22
and check the formula bar to see what
the value is in each cell.
Using formulae,
calculate the Mean
(in M20), Variance (in
M21), and Standard
Deviation (in M22) of
the data in L2:L23.
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Plant Number
Copy a Number
Number Series 1
Number Series 2
Data Labels
1
1
1
1
Sample 1
2
1
2
3
Sample 2
3
1
3
5
Sample 3
4
1
4
7
Sample 4
5
1
5
9
Sample 5
6
1
6
11
Sample 6
7
1
7
13
Sample 7
8
1
8
15
Sample 8
9
1
9
17
Sample 9
10
1
10
19
Sample 10
11
1
11
21
Sample 11
12
1
12
23
Sample 12
13
1
13
25
Sample 13
14
1
14
27
Sample 14
15
1
15
29
Sample 15
16
1
16
31
Sample 16
17
1
17
33
Sample 17
You can enter
data like this
by typing 1, 2,
3, ...etc. in
each cell.
Or you can let
Excel autofill
data.
Let's see how
this works.
Filling Cells with the Same
Number
Select E2
like this:
Grab the little square at the
bottom right of the cell and
drag it down to E18. When
you let go, Excel fills in all the
cells with the same number.
Filling Cells with a Number
Series
Select K2, drag to K3, and let
go. You have now selected
both K2 and K3 like this:
Grab the little square at the
bottom right of the cells and
drag it down to K18. When
you let go, Excel fills in all the
cells with a number series.
Filling Cells with a Different
Number Series
Select Q2, drag to Q3 and let
go. You have now selected
both Q2 and Q3 like this:
Grab the little square at the
bottom right of the cells and
drag it down to Q18. This
time, when you let go, Excel
fills the cells with a number
series that increments by two
each time.
Filling Cells with an
Ordered Series of Text
Excel can work with
cell content that
contains both text and
a number.
Perform a similar
exercise using Column
W. See what happens
when you try to
autofill a sequence
like:
Sample 1
Sample 2
Plant Number
Plant Height (mm)
Plant Height (m)
1
112
0.112
2
102
0.102
3
106
0.106
4
120
0.12
5
98
0.098
6
106
0.106
7
80
0.08
8
105
0.105
9
106
0.106
10
110
0.11
11
95
0.095
12
98
0.098
13
74
0.074
14
112
0.112
15
115
0.115
16
109
0.109
17
100
0.1
Mean
102.8235294
0.102823529
Select C2.
Grab the little square at the bottom right of the cell and drag it down to C18.
Click in each cell in Column C to see what happened. Excel filled in the cells by
automatically incrementing the cell references in the formula. For example, C2 uses the
value in B2. One below, C3, uses the value in B3, etc.
Because the cell reference changes when you copy the formula to a different location,
this is known as
Relative Reference.
To copy a formula from a cell, select a cell, then:
On a PC, select Copy from the
Clipboard section of the Home tab
Or use the shortcut key for copy (Ctrl-c)
On a Mac, select from the menu bar
Edit -> Copy
Or use the shortcut key (command-C)
Then, to paste the formula into a cell,
On a PC, select Paste from the Clipboard
section of the Home tab
Or use the shortcut key for paste (Ctrl-v)
On a Mac, select from the menu bar
Edit -> Paste
Or use the shortcut key (Command-v)
Excel can also fill cells with formulae. Let's see how this
works using the formula in C2 (=B2/1000) that converts
millimeters to meters.
The same thing would happen if you copy and paste
formulae. Refer to the blue boxes to the right if you don't
know how to copy and paste.
Click on C18, then copy the content of the cell (should be the
formula "=B18/1000").
Then click on C20 and paste the content of the clipboard into
cell C20.
C20 now has "=B20/1000", not "=B18/1000".
Bird ID
Beak Depth (mm)
9
8.30
12
7.50
276
8.00
278
10.60
283
11.20
288
9.10
293
9.50
294
10.50
298
8.40
307
8.60
311
9.20
315
8.80
321
8.50
342
8.00
343
9.70
345
8.40
346
7.90
347
9.30
352
7.70
356
8.50
413
8.20
420
9.70
422
10.30
428
10.20
452
8.90
456
9.60
457
7.85
Mean
9.11
458
9.60
Variance using function
0.774621429
461
9.80
Standard Deviation using function
0.880125803
462
8.80
468
9.00
503
9.10
506
9.20
507
8.80
509
9.20
511
8.80
512
9.40
519
8.30
522
8.40
561
10.20
564
9.30
605
10.20
609
10.50
610
9.00
611
9.80
619
9.30
621
7.60
674
10.50
676
9.70
687
8.60
Columns G and H contain data from 50 medium ground finches.
Column L shows the ID # of a bird, and column M shows its beak
depth.
Using functions, calculate the following values for the beak depth of
these birds:
Mean in D29; Variance in D30; Standard Deviation in D31
Use the mean value in D29 and absolute referencing method to
calculate the (Beak Depth - mean) in column I, and the square of
those values in column J.
Use the values in column J to calculate the sum of squares in D33.
Calculate n - 1 of column J in D34.
Calculate the variance in D35 using the calculated values in D33 and
D34.
And finally, calculate the standard deviation by using the value in D36.
Verify that D30 = D35 and D31 = D36.
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