Understanding Performance Variation: Key ANOVA Concepts

When subjects who are treated in the SAME way differ in performance, what accounts for their measured difference? Between-groups variation Within-groups variation Total variation Treatment variation Question 2 2 / 2 pts A “mean square” is essentially a mean. standard deviation. variance. range. Question 3 2 / 2 pts The F statistic is formed by the difference (subtraction) between two variance estimates. the ratio (division) between two variance estimates. the difference (subtraction) between two means. the ratio (division) between two .means

Question 4 2 / 2 pts When the null hypothesis is true, the calculated F should be close to 0. 1. infinity. There is not enough information to tell. Question 5 2 / 2 pts Score variation between members of different treatment groups is assumed to be due to a poorly designed experiment. experimenter error. random error. the IV treatment. ncorrect Question 6 0 / 2 pts In ANOVA, where should you look for the treatment effect? In the within-group variance. In the between-group variance. In the total variance. Within a single individual’s score.

Question 7 2 / 2 pts In the F statistic, which term is assumed to consist only of random error? the F the MS bet the MS with Incorrect Question 8 0 / 2 pts “One way” means that there is only one correct way to calculate the test statistic. the results can be in only one direction. there is only one sample (group) in the study. there is only one IV in the study. Question 9 2 / 2 pts The appropriate statistic to use when testing the hypothesis for a study with three treatment groups is a one-sample t test. two-sample t test. ANOVA F test. either B or C is appropriate.

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Incorrect Question 10 0 / 2 pts A study has five groups of 20 subjects each. How should the degrees of freedom be reported for this study? 4 and 15 4 and 19 4 and 95 5 and 100 Incorrect Question 11 0 / 2 pts For a study with a calculated F = 6.27, the incurred Type 1 error is .04. How should the F value be reported in an ANOVA table? 6.23 6.27* 6.27** 6.27 (.04) Question 12 2 / 2 pts When and why would you conduct post hoc tests as a follow-up to the overall F test? When the overall F test is NOT significant; to determine which of the pairs of groups may be significant.

When the overall F test is NOT significant; to determine why the overall F test is not significant. When the overall F test is significant; to determine between which pairs of groups the significant difference lies. When the overall F test IS significant; to determine if the significance is only the result of chance. Incorrect Question 13 0 / 2 pts After the F tests indicate that there is statistical significance, a post hoc test indicates the _______ of that statistical significance. size. direction. strength. location. Incorrect Question 14 0 / 2 pts You have conducted an analysis of variance and found no statistical significance in the F . Should you then calculate a post hoc test? Yes, to see where the hidden significance might lie. Yes, to locate the confounding variables that might have masked the effect. Yes, to validate your nonsignificant F . No, because there is there is no statistical significance to be found.

Question 15 2 / 2 pts The Tukey HSD is the smallest amount by which any two means must differ in order to be statistically significant. smallest amount by which any two means actually do differ. largest amount by which any two means actually do differ. largest amount by which any two means can possibly differ. Incorrect Question 16 0 / 2 pts In a Scheffé test, Type 1 error tends to escalate uncontrollably. is held to a conservative level. is double what it is for the omnibus F test. does not exist.

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week 5 test Data A. 421

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