Jeremy Mitchell_Week 2 Assignment1 (1)

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Jeremy Mitchell American Public University System CHFD 348: Marriage and Family Instructor: Dr. Pinder October 16, 2023

Family System Theory A family is a system in which each member has a role to play and rules to respect. Members of the system are expected to respond to each other in a certain way according to their role, which is determined by relationship agreements. Within the boundaries of the system, patterns develop as certain family member's behavior is caused by and causes other family member's behaviors in predictable ways. Maintaining the same pattern of behaviors within a system may lead to balance in the family system, but also to dysfunction. For example, if a husband is depressive and cannot pull himself together, the wife may need to take up more responsibilities to pick up the slack. The change in roles may maintain stability in the relationship, but it may also push the family towards a different equilibrium. This new equilibrium may lead to dysfunction as the wife may not be able to maintain this overachieving role over an extended period (Hollee McGinnis, 2023). One of the key benefits of family systems therapy is that it can improve how the family unit functions. It also benefits individual family members in a variety of ways. First, it can be helpful for treating different types of mental health issues. And by improving their family support system, this type of therapy ensures that family members also have the empathy and support they need going forward. Another benefit of family systems therapy is that it promotes openness, empathy, and honesty in families. This can strengthen relationships and improve communication, which can address current problems and prevent future issues.

Family Development Framework Family development theory focuses on the systematic and patterned changes experienced by families as they move through their life course. The term family as used here represents a social group containing at least one parent-child relationship. The family group is organized and governed by social norms. The general notion of a family life cycle has a long history that dates to 1777 (Mattessich and Hill 1987). Being with family helps construct principles and improves overall mental health. Spending time with family is key to a person’s development as it promotes adaptability and resilience. Such key lessons can only be taught by family members coaching each other regarding life’s ups and downs. Strengths of family development theory include the ability to view the dynamic nature of the family over long periods of time, the ease of understanding the stages and developmental tasks, the ability to identify and predict developmental impasses experienced by families, the ability to explain stress and symptomology presented by families at various stages of the life cycle, and the theory can be utilized to research various domains of family life across developmental stages and across difference cultures. The theory best describes the trajectory of intact, two-parent, middle class, heterosexual, lifelong couples and their children. The theory does not account for different family forms associated with divorce, death of a spouse, remarriage, childless couples, or cohabiting or gay/lesbian couples. The theory "normalized" one type of family and invalidated others. The theory deemed parenthood to be a primary "organizer of the life course" to the exclusion of other family forms. Many criticize the theory as being only descriptive and lacking explanatory power. The theory describes transitional tasks but does not explain how they are successfully negotiated.

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Feminist Framework Feminist theory falls under the umbrella of critical theory, which in general have the purpose of destabilizing systems of power and oppression. According to Egbert and Sanden (2020), some scholars see critical paradigms as extensions of the interpretivist, but there is also an emphasis on oppression and lived experience grounded in subjectivist epistemology. The purpose of using a feminist lens is to enable the discovery of how people interact within systems and possibly offer solutions to confront and eradicate oppressive systems and structures. Feminist theory considers the lived experience of any person/people, not just women, with an emphasis on oppression. While there may not be a consensus on where feminist theory fits as a theory or paradigm, disruption of oppression is a core tenant of feminist work. As hooks (2000) states, “Simply put, feminism is a movement to end sexism, sexist exploitation and oppression. I liked this definition because it does not imply that men were the enemy”. A feminist framework occupies a political position seeking changes on behalf of women by focusing on promoting an understanding of women as a group amongst many within any society identified by different needs, desires, values, and priorities due to their role and the position they occupy within these societies. The feminist framework offers new understanding of gender, questioning its “naturalness” in relation to the man/woman dichotomy by shifting the old patterns of description to reformulate them as fluid, culturally located negotiations. The feminist approach requires supporting the voice, agency and empowerment of women and girls in all their diversity and others who face discrimination or marginalization. It also requires holding

accountable powerful actors such as duty-bearers and responsibility-holders for their human rights obligations and responsibilities to rebalance the distribution of power and achieve just and inclusive societies. The feminist approach values diversity and inclusion as essential assets for achieving transformative change and sustainable development and responds to lived experiences by taking into account intersectional dimensions of discrimination and inequality. Such an approach creates space for advocacy and dialogue, builds alliances in pursuit of common objectives and meets international human rights obligations.

References Hollee A. McGinnis, Anna W. Wright, in Encyclopedia of Child and Adolescent Health (First Edition), 2023 Hooks, B. (2000). Feminism is for everybody: Passionate politics. South End Press. Egbert, J., & Sanden, S. (2019). Foundations of education research: Understanding theoretical components. Taylor & Francis. Hollee A. McGinnis, Anna W. Wright, in Encyclopedia of Child and Adolescent Health (First Edition), 2023

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