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Walden University *

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8110

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Sociology

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Jan 9, 2024

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1 Testing Hypotheses for Means Walden University RSCH-8201: Evaluating Significance of Findings Dr. Hijazi 2023
2 Testing Hypotheses for Means Testing the hypothesis can be one of the most important ways to determine whether the data is valid in source and whether it supports what the researchers are trying to answer based on the data sets. This paper will analyze the Afrobarometer and HS Long Study data sets for the three scenarios with respect to the appropriate testing methods, such as Independent Sample T Test, Paired Sample T Test and One sample T Test. Each of these testing methods will provide additional information regarding the scenarios and help to confirm and potentially validate the researchers' hypothesis. Scenario #1 These results reveal that there are no significant differences in scores for the level of democracy before or after reform. There a was not a significant difference in the scores for Q46 level of Democracy today ( M =.300, SD =.494) and Q46 level of Democracy 2 ( M =.300, SD =.481) Condition; t (108) = .609, p = .544. More specifically, the results reveal that the perception of the Africans has not changed significantly. This leads to an understanding and consideration of other factors that could be affecting this perception, which necessitates further examination to understand what influences this perception.
3 Scenario # 2 There was a significant difference in the scores for the level of democracy for ( M = 5.33, SD = 2.844) and ( M = 6.53, SD = 2.681) Conditions; t ( 6262) = -25.765, p = .001 The results show that there is a clear difference in the perception of the level of democracy in North Africa compared to South Africa and that this difference is statistically significant. It is possible that there are other factors that could contribute to this difference in perception. It could also point to potential social change issues that are embedded within the effects of the conditions in North and South Africa, thus suggesting opportunities for further research.
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4 Scenario # 3 An independent-samples t-test was conducted to compare mathematical utility from the freshman year and senior year. There was a significant difference in the scores for Mathematical utility ( M = .0707, SD = 1.01779 and M = .0381 SD = 1.00280 t(4822) = 1.764, p = .078. The results indicate that the difference in perception between the freshman year and the senior year is substantial. Specifically, the results indicate that the perception of the senior year is significantly altered, which may be attributed to a variety of factors, including an increase in mathematics proficiency and other elements; further investigation is warranted.
5  References Wagner, III, W. E. (2020).   Using IBM® SPSS® statistics for research methods and social science statistics   (7th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Walden's SPSS website Links to an external site. : http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/SPSS