Module One

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Toronto Metropolitan University *

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Course

908

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Sociology

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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pdf

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2023-09-09, 11 : 02 AM CINT908, Module 1 - Course Overview Page 1 of 12 https://de.torontomu.ca/de_courses/templates/m/ ? c=8D9A6E908ED2B731FB96151D9BB94D49&m=1&p=203344 Course Overview Welcome to CINT908: Homelessness in Canadian Society. A central focus of this course is to understand the risk factors that create pathways to – and often work to entrench someone in – a state of homelessness. This course will get you thinking about how these risk factors connect and interact and the impact of inequality. An overall goal for this course is for you to develop strategies to interrupt these pathways so that you leave this course with an academic and professional toolkit that aims to reduce or even work toward ending homelessness within a Canadian context. Your work in this course is meant to leave you inspired, motivated, and ready to implement this work within your own careers, academic lives, and communities! Overview Video The following video provides an overview of the approach this course takes and the key topics that are covered (i.e., pathways, trauma, politics, interventions, and specific populations). Course Overview TMU Video | Duration: 04:48

2023-09-09, 11 : 02 AM CINT908, Module 1 - Course Overview Page 2 of 12 https://de.torontomu.ca/de_courses/templates/m/ ? c=8D9A6E908ED2B731FB96151D9BB94D49&m=1&p=203344 Key Point It is important to understand ending homelessness not as something relegated to specific professions, policies, or programs but rather as an academic and professional responsibility each of us has and can take on in multiple ways. Therefore, the diverse professional and academic backgrounds each of you brings to this course offers a great opportunity to learn, refine, and cultivate a vast array of intervention strategies to address identified risk factors. Reminders This course is asynchronous and self-paced, which means that you will be working through each module (i.e., the content for the week) on your own schedule. Module 1 starts on a Monday, but all subsequent modules start on Saturday. You should finish reading through the content, taking notes, and doing the assignments by Friday at 11:59 pm EST each week. Even though the course is self-paced, there is instructor support and peer collaboration along the way! Each module will start with an instructor-led Guiding Insights video, and you will be encouraged to engage with your peers through both graded and ungraded discussion activities. You will also have the opportunity to collaborate with a small group of your peers in Module 12 to apply what you have learned throughout the course and develop a checklist tool that you can use to inform professional, academic, and/or advocacy work beyond this course. Make sure to review the Course Outline, which you can access by clicking on "Course Materials" in the top navigation bar in D2L and then clicking on "Course Outline" in the table of contents. Module 1 Introduction In this first module, you will examine the socio-ecological model and learn how a combination of individual and structural risk factors can lead to homelessness. The focus will be on Indigenous perspectives on housing insecurity and homelessness and how colonialism and racism continue to impact First Nations, Métis, and Inuit people.

2023-09-09, 11 : 02 AM CINT908, Module 1 - Course Overview Page 3 of 12 https://de.torontomu.ca/de_courses/templates/m/ ? c=8D9A6E908ED2B731FB96151D9BB94D49&m=1&p=203344 Topics and Learning Objectives Topics Ecological systems theory and homelessness The individual and structural risk factors of homelessness Indigenous realities, perspectives, and community-based, self-determined intervention strategies in relation to housing insecurity and homelessness Learning Objectives By the end of this module, you should be able to: Identify the individual and structural risk factors that lead to homelessness in Canada Explain how individual and structural risk factors interact to create pathways to homelessness in Canada Identify several effects that colonization and neo-colonization have on Indigenous communities within Canada and how this influences homelessness and housing insecurity for these populations Identify one or more Indigenous perspectives on homelessness and how to address it Guiding Insights Watch the short video below, which provides an introduction to ecological systems theory and risk factors for homelessness. Module 1 TMU Video | Duration: 06:50

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2023-09-09, 11 : 02 AM CINT908, Module 1 - Course Overview Page 4 of 12 https://de.torontomu.ca/de_courses/templates/m/ ? c=8D9A6E908ED2B731FB96151D9BB94D49&m=1&p=203344 Next, you will be taking a closer look at ecological systems theory and risk factors for homelessness through a variety of media: an infographic, videos, and an interactive learning object. Ecological Systems Theory and Homelessness Urie Bronfenbrenner developed the ecological systems theory to explain how a person’s various environments can impact their health and well-being ( Bronfenbrenner, 1992 ). Figure 1.1 below is a visual representation of Bronfenbrenner's model, which informed his theory. This model offers a way of understanding how various risk factors emerge from multiple environments and creates and/or intensifies an individual’s vulnerability to homelessness.

2023-09-09, 11 : 02 AM CINT908, Module 1 - Course Overview Page 5 of 12 https://de.torontomu.ca/de_courses/templates/m/ ? c=8D9A6E908ED2B731FB96151D9BB94D49&m=1&p=203344 Figure 1.1. Bronfenbrenner's socio-ecological model Source: Cormac404 WordPress site Long Description See the Download box below for a PDF infographic that explains Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory and model in the context of homelessness. Download You can download an ecological systems theory infographic [PDF] that explains each of the rings in Bronfenbrenner’s model and how they relate to homelessness and this course. The infographic was created by Julie James, Toronto Metropolitan University.

2023-09-09, 11 : 02 AM CINT908, Module 1 - Course Overview Page 6 of 12 https://de.torontomu.ca/de_courses/templates/m/ ? c=8D9A6E908ED2B731FB96151D9BB94D49&m=1&p=203344 Videos For those of you who are new to the socio-ecological model, here are a couple of short introductory videos: Animated overview of the socio-ecological model [1:50] An introduction to the ecological model in public health [9:45] Risk Factors for Homelessness Explore the following interactive learning object to see how the various risk factors connect and interrelate. Key Point A key goal of this course is to understand how we can work together to interrupt these pathways and work toward ending homelessness in Canada and the U.S. For example, if programs are in place to address discrimination in employment, this may reduce poverty, protect someone from further experiences of stigmatization and trauma, and also prevent the impact of these negative experiences, thus addressing several risk factors and interrupting a pathway to homelessness.

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2023-09-09, 11 : 02 AM CINT908, Module 1 - Course Overview Page 7 of 12 https://de.torontomu.ca/de_courses/templates/m/ ? c=8D9A6E908ED2B731FB96151D9BB94D49&m=1&p=203344 In the next section of this module, you will be reflecting and taking notes on readings, a podcast, and a video. In your reflections, you will be able to apply what you have learned about ecological systems theory and risk factors. Readings Readings Required Reading Piat, M., Polvere, L., Kirst, M., Voronka, J., Zabkiewicz, D., Plante, M.-C., Isaak, C., Nolin, D., Nelson, G., & Goering, P. (2015). Pathways into homelessness: Understanding how both individual and structural factors contribute to and sustain homelessness in Canada . Urban Studies , 52 (13), 2366–2382. In this Piat et al. (2015) article, you are introduced to a vast array of individual and structural risk factors and how these factors interact and build on one another. Beyond this important and under-explored aspect (how risk factors interact), the paper is valuable in that it introduces many aspects we will explore in greater depth throughout this course. Recommended Reading Clifford, B., Wilson, A., & Harris, P. (2019). Homelessness, health and the policy process: A literature review . Health Policy , 123 , 1125–1132. Recommendations for N ote-Taking and Reflection As you read, you are encouraged to pay attention to, and take notes on, the following: The socio-ecological model The key principles of the housing first model The identified individual and structural risk factors and how these factors interact You are encouraged to reflect on how your academic disciplines and/or professions would understand these risk factors and the ways in which they might be addressed. We also

2023-09-09, 11 : 02 AM CINT908, Module 1 - Course Overview Page 8 of 12 https://de.torontomu.ca/de_courses/templates/m/ ? c=8D9A6E908ED2B731FB96151D9BB94D49&m=1&p=203344 encourage you to start to think critically about how inequality generates these risk factors and how issues of discrimination can be addressed. Reminder By taking notes, you will be better prepared to work on the Idea Generator assignment at the end of this module and for your first 15% quiz in Module 6. Community Voices First Audio Listen to the Out of the Blue podcast featuring voices of the homeless during the COVID-19 pandemic [21:00]. This podcasts offers first-hand accounts of homeless Canadians’ challenges and strengths as they face the pandemic. You will start to see how the global pandemic is exacerbating inequality and risk factors for homelessness. Several narratives from individuals and families are presented and describe how individual and structural risk factors are enhanced during this crisis. Recommendations for N ote-Taking and Reflection While listening to this episode, you are invited to jot down your responses to the following questions: How are the risk factors identified in the Piat et al. (2015) article emerging through the stories and narratives within this podcast? How are these risk factors impacted by the global pandemic? What are the interactions between risk factors that you can identify from the stories and narratives within this podcast?

2023-09-09, 11 : 02 AM CINT908, Module 1 - Course Overview Page 9 of 12 https://de.torontomu.ca/de_courses/templates/m/ ? c=8D9A6E908ED2B731FB96151D9BB94D49&m=1&p=203344 How does or how can your profession and/or academic discipline understand these risk factors and the impact COVID-19 is having on them and work to address them? Download You can download a full transcript of this podcast episode [PDF]. Please N ote You are not expected to have full answers in your notes to these questions. The goal is to ignite your thinking on these topics as you work toward cultivating ways to end homelessness in Canada in our present context. Reminder By taking notes, you will be better prepared to work on the Idea Generator assignment at the end of this module and for your first quiz (worth 15%) in Module 6 From the Field Video Watch Dr. Cindy Blackstock share ways to improve the life and dignity of First Nations children in Canada [47:56].

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2023-09-09, 11 : 02 AM CINT908, Module 1 - Course Overview Page 10 of 12 https://de.torontomu.ca/de_courses/templates/m/ ? c=8D9A6E908ED2B731FB96151D9BB94D49&m=1&p=203344 Dr. Blackstock is a prominent First Nations scholar and advocate. In her keynote speech, addressed to the National Conference on Ending Homelessness, you are able to see how risk factors emerge in a context of discrimination and inequality. Dr. Blackstock expertly takes us on a journey through Canadian colonialism from its inception to the present and discusses how it impacts Indigenous people – especially children and youth. Dr. Blackstock reminds us that to address homelessness in Canada, we need to take a broader “pledge to end all inequality.” It is this perspective that you are encouraged to understand and adopt as you proceed through this course. Recommendations for N ote-Taking and Reflection While viewing the video, please take notes and reflect on the following: The social determinants of health Land and self-determination as factors related to homelessness Colonialism and its impact on pathways to homelessness Children’s rights and Canada’s report card on adhering to these rights The differential funding of public services for Indigenous and non-Indigenous communities The Spirit Bear Plan The eight stages of genocide Jordan’s Principle You are also encouraged to write down your responses to the following questions: Can you map the pathways and entrenchment into homelessness on the inequalities that Indigenous people face as described by Dr. Blackstock? Can you identify each risk factor and how these factors play out in Canada’s unequal treatment of Indigenous people? How do structural factors, stemming from inequality, lead to and/or exacerbate individual risk factors? How can inequality lead to homelessness? How does or can your profession and/or academic discipline address these or other issues of inequality?

2023-09-09, 11 : 02 AM CINT908, Module 1 - Course Overview Page 11 of 12 https://de.torontomu.ca/de_courses/templates/m/ ? c=8D9A6E908ED2B731FB96151D9BB94D49&m=1&p=203344 Please N ote You are not expected to have full answers in your notes to these questions. The goal is to ignite your thinking on these topics as you work toward cultivating ways to end homelessness in Canada in our present context. Reminder By taking notes, you will be better prepared to work on the Idea Generator assignment at the end of this module and for your first 15% quiz in Module 6. Summary This module introduced the various pathways to homelessness, the individual and structural contributing factors, the impact of colonialism on these issues, and how COVID-19 elevates issues of inequality. You began thinking about how risk factors interact and how, importantly, we can think about addressing these issues with the goal of reducing or ending homelessness in a Canadian context. You are invited to take a wider view and understand that working toward ending homelessness necessitates working toward ending inequality overall. Going forward, you will explore these issues in more depth and work toward enhancing the work of interrupting pathways to homelessness in Canada. Assignments Working on the Idea Generator Template From Modules 1 to 12 of this course, you will be completing a section of this Idea Generator Template . You will then submit your completed template in Module 12 for a grade. This submission is worth 25% of your course grade. Please see the Idea Generator rubric [Microsoft Word document] for the grading criteria. Your week-to-week work on the Idea Generator Template will prepare you for working in a small

2023-09-09, 11 : 02 AM CINT908, Module 1 - Course Overview Page 12 of 12 https://de.torontomu.ca/de_courses/templates/m/ ? c=8D9A6E908ED2B731FB96151D9BB94D49&m=1&p=203344 group to create an Intervention Strategy Checklist Tool in Module 11 (i.e., Activity 2 of the Interrupting Pathways to Homelessness assessment, worth 20% of your course grade). For further explanation of this assessment and other assessments in this course, please review the Course Outline . This Week’s Idea Generator Task Complete the Module 1 section of the Idea Generator Template. You are encouraged to include additional thoughts, insights, and visuals in the “Additional Notes” section at the bottom of the template. You will be adding to this template each week before submitting it to your instructor in Module 12.

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Module One

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