3-2 Activity Critical Analysis Engage

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IDS-402-H7713 Wellness 23EW2 2-2 Activity: Topic Introduction Southern New Hampshire University Paul S. Nomsule 11/12/2023 Dr. Lee Daffin 1 | P a g e

Introduction There are many factors that can hinder or impede our pursuit of wellness. One of the many factors is race and racism. Racism is a form of prejudice that assumes that the members of a racial category have distinctive characteristics and these differences automatically put them in an inferior classification (Baston, 2023). Racism generally includes negative emotional reactions to members of a group, acceptance of negative stereotypes, and racial discrimination against individuals; in some cases, it leads to violence (Miles,1993). 2 | P a g e

Wellbeing and Stereotype In one research, Jerald, Cole, Ward, and Avery, (2017) assessed the impact of negative stereotype on African American women. It was reported that an awareness of negative stereotypes on African American women actually affect their mental and emotional wellbeing, which manifested through anxiety, hostility, and depression. Indirectly, these negative stereotypes also correlated to diminished self-care, use of alcohol and drugs. In another research, Wyatt, and Ampadu (2022) corroborated the link between mental health and racism. Wyatt and Ampadu (2022) insisted that racism and discrimination affect the mental health and wellness of those who may be affected. “Globally, Black communities continue to face multiple stressors including racism and navigating systems of oppression that hinder their wellbeing and undoubtedly influence mental health functioning and outcomes” (Wyatt, & Ampadu, 2022, p. 1). The researchers also went on to declare that racism is significant determinant of good health and wellbeing. Racialized sentiments and aggression affect the entire structures of society. The negative effects are not just limited to wellness. Racism has far-reaching negative effect on the entire society; especially those who are directly affected. For instance, Norris and Nandedkar, (2022) observed that racism and discrimination affect income distribution and housing disparities. Norris and Nandedkar, (2022) maintained that government 3 | P a g e

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policies systematically perpetuate the disparity of house ownership along a racialized line. While this research was specific to New Zealand, the systemic racism in house ownership disparity also affects many societies such as United States. Faber, (2020) added that the housing policies enacted in the United States through the New Deal actively racialized homeownership in America through redlining policies. House ownership disparity on racialized segregation has a direct correlation to mental and physical wellness. In addition, Bianca, (2021) stated categorically that racism in higher education affects every aspect of the decision-making such as recruitment and attainment strategies, hiring practices, curriculum, notions of sociality, safety, and community. Racialized thinking is a function of how racism finds its roots. Roberts, (2006) asserted that racial way of thinking is where the problem lies. Roberts, (2006) made this observation in the context in which medicine and pharmaceuticals are defined by racial identity. If our institutions are set up in ways in which unity and diversity are promoted and racism punished, then the world would become a healthy place. Racism is a social construct that is reinforced at homes, schools, religious institutions, legal chambers, and government legislations. If the government in collaboration with stakeholders works together, we could build a society that is not divided along a racial line. 4 | P a g e

The government has the primary responsibility here. The beneficiaries of a non-racialized society will be the entire society. Challenges There are many challenges facing wellness in every community around the world. One of the major challenges is the lack of awareness: One of the biggest challenges of addressing issues in wellness is the lack of awareness and education about health and wellness. For example, many people do not know about the importance of eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and getting enough sleep. Rizwan and Saadullah, (2009) echoed the same sentiment and stressed that breast cancer screening is not a big priority in some countries. There are many habits that promote wellness that have not being well taught in schools and other institutions. Wellness is multi-faceted. Wellness should be taught as all- inclusive practice. Wellness for me is all-encompassing. It includes the physical, mental, social, psychological, emotional, spiritual, cultural, and economic aspects of life. Therefore, any program dedicated to wellness must stress the need for a holistic approach to dealing with wellness challenges. The wellness movement has changed social practices by increasing awareness about mental health, encouraging mindful communication, influencing cultural expression, and fostering environments that place a priority on holistic well-being (Fernandez & Anu, 2022). Wellness culture has influenced the way mental health is 5 | P a g e

talked about, the quality and quantity of food we eat, and the way one should manage their weight. 6 | P a g e

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References Bianca C. Williams, Dian D. Squire, & Frank A. Tuitt. (2021 ). Plantation Politics and Campus Rebellions: Power, Diversity, and the Emancipatory Struggle in Higher Education. SUNY Press. Faber, J. W. (2020). We Built This: Consequences of New Deal Era Intervention in America’s Racial Geography. American Sociological Review, 85 (5), 739–775. https://doi- org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1177/0003122420948464 Fernandez, N., & Anu, V. (2022). Studying-Alive: A Holistic Wellness Application for College Students. 2022 IEEE International IOT, Electronics and Mechatronics Conference (IEMTRONICS), IOT, Electronics and Mechatronics Conference (IEMTRONICS), 2022 IEEE International, 1–7. https://doi-org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1109/IEMTRONICS55184.20 22.9795741 Jerald, M. C., Cole, E. R., Ward, L. M., & Avery, L. R. (2017). Controlling images: How awareness of group stereotypes affects Black women’s well-being. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 64 (5), 487–499. https://doi-org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1037/cou0000233 Norris, A. N., & Nandedkar, G. (2022). Ethnicity, Racism and Housing: 7 | P a g e

Discourse Analysis of New Zealand Housing Research. Housing Studies, 37 (8), 1331–1349. https://doi-org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1080/02673037.2020.1844159 Rizwan, M., & Saadullah, M. (2009). Lack of awareness about breast cancer and its screening in developing countries. Indian Journal of Cancer, 4 6(3), 252. Roberts, D. (2006). A World Without Race: Does black nationalism have to go too? Boston Review, 31 (1), 33–35. Wyatt, J. P., & Ampadu, G. G. (2022). Reclaiming Self-care: Self-care as a Social Justice Tool for Black Wellness. Community Mental Health Journal, 58 (2), 213. https://doi-org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1007/s10597-021-00884-9 8 | P a g e

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