2.2 CJ205

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Feb 20, 2024

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Module 2 Assignment: Styles of Policing Gabrielle Nacey Southern New Hampshire University CJ205: Policing in the United States July 8 th , 2023 Watchman-Style Situation The watchman style police officer is primarily concerned with maintaining public order and controlling illegal and disruptive behavior (Dempsey et al., 2018, p. 141). These types of officers apply an ample amount of discretion and ignore many minor violations, especially those involving traffic and juveniles. There have been many reports of officers using persuasion or even physical threat towards disorderly people, instead of making an official arrest. A situation in which the watchman style of policing would be used in the career field by police officers is coming upon a group of teenagers smoking in a parking lot after curfew. This style of officer would scare the kids, likely call their parents, and tell them the next time someone catches them out, they will be arrested. In my mom’s day, the police officers would take their marijuana and send them home, with no call to the parents, and no scary threats. Culture Based on Watchman Style This style typically transpires in departments with low education requirements, low wages, few moral policies, and little formal training (Jannie Richards, 2017, 0:00:28). Typically, cities that employ traditional forms mayor-council governments, rather than having professional forms of government, tend to display a watchman style of policing. The officers are most likely extremely loyal to each other and refuse to report any behaviors that may violate a civilian’s

rights. Rather, “the prevailing political culture creates a ‘zone indifference’ within which the police are free to act as they see fit” (Liederbach & Travis, 2008, p. 448). Officer’s conduct is unwatched and unmanaged, while many citizens’ mental health issues go unchecked. Legalistic-Style Situation Legalistic style police officers conduct themselves in a professional manner and make many misdemeanor arrests and issue many citations (Dempsey et al., 2018, p. 141). These departments run rigorously by the book and view officer discretion as unethical. If a homeless man were sleeping and intoxicated on a church’s front lawn, an officer operating under this style would immediately apprehend him and charge/ticket him with every law that was broken. Another situation in which the legalistic style of policing would be used in the career field by police officers is pulling someone over for driving 4 miles over the speed limit. Officers of the other two policing styles would let these two instances slide because they are minor infractions and are not causing harm to anyone. Culture Based on Legalistic Style This style often occurs in the aftermath of a scandal from a watchman-type police department (Dempsey et al., 2018, p. 141). The department will hire a new police chief focused on reforming methods of working with the community. Cities with professional forms of government tend to exhibit a legalistic style of policing (Liederbach & Travis, 2008, p. 452). Respectability and neutrality are viewed as the most vital elements of organizational operation. Police officers strictly enforce the letter of the law when any offense is committed and caught, using no discretion about the circumstances. Wilson described the legalistic style as “institutional” because it emphasizes organizational mechanisms and coherence in executing its

goals (Zhao & Hassell, 2005, p. 414). This is going to lead to a public that resents and does not trust the police. Service-Style Situation In the service style of policing, arrests are avoided as much as possible, but there are numerous instances where informal nonarrest sanctions for used (Zhao & Hassell, 2005, p. 414). An officer operating under a service style would pull up to the teenagers drinking and remind them of the dangers of underage drinking, make sure there is a designated driver, and tell them to get home quickly. If they are walking or do not have a driver, the officer would drive them all home, without ticketing or formally sanctioning any of them. The homeless man in front of the church would receive some food and water from the closest fast-food restaurant, as well as moral support and kindness from the officer. The officers should offer resources to all the individuals they encounter that have taken a drug or drunk alcohol. The person driving four miles over the speed limit would not even get a second glance from a service style police officer. Culture Based on Service Style Service style policing occurs in more affluent, suburban areas (Dempsey et al., 2018, p. 141). A service oriented police department tends to occur in cities with low-professional council- manager and nonpartisan mayor-council governments (Zhao & Hassell, 2005, p. 415). These officers prioritize serving the community's needs and maintaining good public relations. The agency sees themselves as helpers, rather than soldiers fighting a war against crime. There is less use of formal sanctions and arrests for minor infractions under this style of policing (Jannie Richards, 2017, 00:00:58). A major organizational goal of a police department with a service style is to emphasize community residents’ satisfaction, taking both order-maintenance and law enforcement seriously (Zhao & Hassell, 2005, p. 414).

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Reference Dempsey, J. S., Forst, L. S., & Carter, S. B. (2018). An Introduction to Policing (9th ed.). Cengage Limited. https://mbsdirect.vitalsource.com/books/9780357238554 [Jannie Richards]. (2017, May 3). Styles of Policing [Video]. YouTube. Styles of Policing Liederbach, J., & Travis, L., III (2007). Wilson Redux: Another Look at Varieties of Police. Police Quarterly , 11 (4), 447-467. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098611108314567 Zhao, J., & Hassell, K. (2005). Policing Styles and Organizational Priorities: Retesting Wilson's Theory of Local Political Culture. Police Quarterly , 8 (4), 411-430. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098611104269078

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