Main Concepts for Midterm essays
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Concordia University *
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Course
203
Subject
Religion
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
docx
Pages
4
Uploaded by molatov
Study Material for the Midterm
Good way of Starting the introduction is by defining the terms
1)
Define The components of the Synoptic Problem
What was there a problem?
-
The Problem was that Matthew Mark and Luke have similarities, yet they have
differences.
-
(Draw the diagram)+ (Make sure to write an example for each Gospel)
Markan Priority
: Gospel of Mark. He wrote the first gospel
-
It was shortest gospel. There tendency is to add to the gospels than to reduce and this is
why they believed it was the first gospel written
-
Synoptic means “seen together”
-
Scholars want to find the most archaic text
Q: Q is
short for
Quelle
. It doesn’t appear that one of these authors derived their story from the
other. Therefore, it must have a been another source. We are not sure where the source Q is.
Q
is the material found in Matthew and Luke but that isn’t found in Mark
-
Ex: The Lords Prayer and the Beatitudes
M
: Matthew’s special source refers to the stories exclusively found in Matthew and not the other
Gospels.
-
Ex. The Visit of the Wise Men
L
: Luke’s special source are the stories found nowhere else but in Luke
-
Ex. The Parable of the Good Samaritan
Triple Tradition highlights the common passages of Matthew, Mark, and Luke
-
Ex: Christ’s mother and his brothers were standing outside. When His disciples
tell him that they are standing, he tells them “Those who do the will of my
Father are my mother and my Brothers
Double Tradition highlights the common passages of Matthew and Luke
-
Ex: For the tree is known of its fruits
Most Widely accepted hypotheses are
:
-
2 Point Hypotheses is Mark and Q (Quelle)
-
4 Point hypotheses are Mark, Q (Quelle), M & L
-
There are many other hypotheses, but the scholars found these 2 most accurate
5)Understand and explain the messiahship of Luke-Acts
*Read and make sure you understand the question before you answer.
Messiah: the anointed king, from a Hebrew word literally means the
“Anointed One”
-
The function of baptism is for the remission of sins
-
Very important to know this key word
The retrospective readings
-
Christian writers look back in to the Hebrew bible and they witness Christ fulfilling them
therefore they quote old testament prophesy and place Christ as the Fulfiller of
Prophesy
In Luke: he is rule as a prophet.
-
Luke is the first historiographic preface:
-
Our understanding of His Messiahship was in the revelation of the angel to Mary
-
An angel reveals to Mary that she will give birth to a son who will be crowned in the
Throne of his ancestor David (King David was God’s favorite king)
-
Christ considers himself to be a
prophet,
but he is not be accepted by the Jewish leaders
in his hometown
-
He is baptised and at that moment The Spirit expressed in the form of a dove, comes
upon him. They hear a voice proclaiming
You are my son, The Beloved, with you I am
well pleased.
It is one of the instances in which his Messiahship is attributed to him
-
He reminds them that the prophets prophesied that the Messiah is one who
will suffer
before he is crowned (He reads out of the scroll of Isaiah)
-
After his death He is resurrected and speaks with his disciples before He ascends.
Its important to connect the Messiahship Prophet and The Messiahship as Sovereign
or King as Luke can be part 1 and the book of acts, part 2
In Acts.
Messiah as the Sovereign King
-
God raised Him up from the dead after his crucifixion
-
Once he is resurrected, he appears to his disciples and explains to them how his coming
suffering, crucifixion is all prophesy, prophesied by the prophets in the old testament,
and is being fulfilled.
-
Once He ascends The Holy Spirit descends into his disciples
-
The Holy Spirit “Pneuma” meaning Breath is a dynamic energizing a dynamic
supernatural force which fills the disciples
-
The Holy Spirit endows the apostles to speak in diverse tongues and the begin to preach
His teachings to spread the gospel. This is how he rules as the Spirit through His
Disciples.
-
Book of Romans reveals to us that He fulfills the promise God made David in That he
reigns as king of The Spiritual Kingdom
-
*
The Pneumatic Rule
: The Holy Spirit Descends into the Disciples and Christ rules
through them
6) What is Christology?
1
st
Christology
Son of God
-
Why are there 2 Christologies?
o
There were negative misunderstandings of the Crucifixion in relation to Christ
(because only those who are cursed are hanged or crucified in the First
Christology). They assumed that Christ has failed his mission and that he
disobeyed therefore he didn’t fulfill the will of father the return and reckoning
o
If there wasn’t the 2
nd
Christology, it would be assumed that Christ failed his
mission
o
Son of God was the original Christology
o
Son of man was added to resolve the 1
st
Christology
The 4 Judicial Clauses
-
Mission and Mandate
o
His mission was sent to save the world but not to condemn. He came to remove
the sins of the world
-
Judicial Equality
o
He states: The Father and I are one. He is the Plenipotentiary of The Father. He
acts as Gods Representative. He has the authority by God for him to act on his
behalf.
o
Ex: I and the Father are one. (From the Gospel of John)
o
He does not claim to be God, it does not equate to divinity
-
Obedience
o
He is on earth to Obey the will of the Father and the fulfill the will of the Father.
He is not here to do according to his own will. But His Father’s will
o
Ex. I seek not to do my own will, but I am here to do my Father’s will.
-
The Return and Reckoning
o
Once he is done his mission. He returns to give the Father an account of his
Mission. While he is on the cross, He gives an account to God in front of the
Disciples for them to witness his expressions.
2
nd
Christology
Son of Man
-
Heavenly Origins. John attempts to validate that Christ is the Son of Man of the old
Testament through retrospective reading of Daniel chapter 7.
-
Son of man is seen descending from the clouds
-
Son of Man will be lifted up after his death on the Cross
-
(The lifting up refers to the Crucifixion of the Son of Man and his burial and finally His
ascension) It echoes the story of Moses lifting up the Bronze serpent upon which people
would look up to it were healed from their plagues
-
Reclarify that the 2
nd
Christology came about to clear up or resolve that his death on the
cross was a positive event.
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The Main focus is to tie in the Nicene Creed with the main 4 early Christian Groups.
Proto orthodox are the ones who the other early Christian group for the Nicene Creed:
-
The function of The Nicene is to address of the difference in each early Christian group.
It directly address the different claims of the Marcion, Gnosis,…and how they were
wrong. The Proto-orthodox claim won over in the Creed.
-
The early Christianity had diversity. It was not a monolithic Faith. At that time, there is
no Canon yet.
The Nicene Creed is a corrective creed, the proto-orthodox felt a need to have a harmonious
vision of Proper Christianity. In their creed, they address the claims based on their own beliefs.
They won the dominant position and became The Orthodox Christians. Therefore, the canon was
established, to ensure that there was a unified book set as the New Standard Message.