General Anxiety disorder case study

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Rutgers University *

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340

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Psychology

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Dec 6, 2023

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Please Highlight the question you are working on :) 1) 1. In a cohesive paragraph respond to all of the following: For which disorders does Dennis meet the diagnostic criteria and why? Based on the diagnostic criteria, do you think he meets the criteria for a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder? Why or why not? Dennis met the criteria for Panic disorder, General Anxiety disorder, and Agoraphobia. He met the criteria for panic disorder because of the recurrent attacks throughout the year. He also met the criteria for General Anxiety Disorder through the specifications of the DSM and his persistent fears for over six months. He has symptoms for both that are frequent in those disorders. His agoraphobia disorder is proven with his fears of being in public places where he feels like there is no escape or no way to leave the situation. I do not believe he meets the criteria for Social Anxiety disorder because he does not have an innate fear of just being in public or the fear of any social interaction. He just has the fear of being in a situation he cannot escape or reach safety from, not just social places or social activities in general. 2) Given your response to prompt 1, What are the issues of comorbidity with anxiety disorders based on Dennis’ symptoms? Based on the answer above, what are the diagnostic issues with the DSM in relation to anxiety disorders? Give ideas for a better way to diagnose anxiety disorders (as discussed in class)? The issues comorbidities of his anxiety disorders are that are unique and different triggers for each disorder and have to treat them differently as well. It can be very time consuming having to focus on treating two different disorders that have way different treatments and effects on the person. The diagnostic issues with the DSM are that it has inconsistencies in verifying the disorders and has problems identifying the differences between anxiety disorders because of how similar their symptoms can be. The system has problems differentiating the disorders through common symptoms. Better ways would be to go in person to therapists to see the differences in the symptoms or getting a better psychological evaluation on the disorder rather than listening to a set of rules by a system. 3) In a cohesive paragraph respond to all of the following: What etiological factors played a role in Dennis’ diagnoses? Which were diatheses and which were stresses? Dennis’s diagnosis of Panic Disorder, Agoraphobia, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder resulted from a combination of both diathesis and stressors. Diathesis, or predisposing factors, included

potential genetic vulnerabilities, as suggested by twin studies indicating genetic influences on anxiety disorders, and Dennis's early life temperament, which displayed traits of timidity and discomfort in social situations. Stressors, on the other hand, included specific traumatic events like his first panic attack at a stressful dinner theater, academic stress during his college years, and social and marital stress due to his deteriorating relationship with his wife, Mary. These stressors likely triggered and exacerbated his anxiety disorders. Furthermore, cognitive factors played a significant role, such as his catastrophic thinking and probability overestimation, which can be considered both diatheses and stressors since they were pre-existing thought patterns that intensified under stress. In summary, Dennis's diagnoses were influenced by a combination of diatheses (genetic predispositions, early-life temperament, cognitive factors) and stressors (traumatic events, academic and social stress), all interacting to contribute to his anxiety disorders. 4) What specific type of therapy did Dennis’ therapist use to help him? What aspects of the therapy were useful for Dennis? Were all of the techniques helpful? Should Dennis see a psychiatrist for medication? Why or why not? The therapeutic techniques that were given to Dennis were relaxation techniques for him to focus on easing his muscles and tension throughout his body. This led to him being more motivated at work because he had more energy and was less worried about his panic attacks occurring. He would control his breathing and muscle tension to focus more on the things he was doing presently rather than his anxiety. This was a very useful aspect for Dennis. Cognitive techniques also helped Dennis control his emotions and anxiety. This technique taught Dennis to employ adaptive self-statements as a coping response before and after situations. All the techniques that Dennis was approached with worked to his advantage. I do not think that Dennis needs to see a psychiatrist because Dennis learned how to deal with the feelings he gets before a panic attack occurs. He does not show frequent episodes, which shows no need to be on medication. 5) What type of conditioning (operant or classical) led to Dennis’ diagnosis (give examples) and how was he able to change? Classical conditioning was what led to Dennis’ diagnosis, and we know this from the relaxation techniques used, which didn’t lead to a negative outcome or punishment but led to a positive outcome of improvement and change. He was able to change because of the techniques used to condition his mind to control the feelings he felt before having a panic attack. Now let's reflect on the process

6) How did this group collaboration differ from the previous collaboration? There were fewer people in person in this collaboration compared to the last collaboration. 7 ) Did everyone contribute equally (pre-group prompt and group discussion)? If not, how do you plan to change this for the next discussion? Everyone contributed to the pre-group prompt equally, but with not everyone in class on 10/11, there was not an equal contribution to the discussion as some of us talked in person while others typed in a group chat, which just isn't as fast to respond and therefore leaves some inequality, but overall the workload was pretty well distributed. The only real way we can change this is by having everyone be in class on the case study day which is difficult with some people’s busy schedules. 8) What strategies helped with the collaboration? What did not work? Some strategies that worked were staying in contact with one another through groupme and canvas, and making sure everybody knew which role/question was theirs to answer, so nobody was lost. Some things that did not work well were a slight lack of communication on who would be in class and who would help from home due to various reasons (doctors appointment etc..) 9) What changes will you make next time to work together more effectively? Making sure people know which roles they have as soon as we choose them (some people who were absent didn’t know we had to change roles), and writing down who has which role so there is no confusion. Roles: Naomi - moniter prompts, Tim - leader, Shai - checker, Brayden - assign prompts, Kyonte - reporter, Frankie - timekeeper

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