Chapter 9 Psych 170 Review Questions

Psych 170 - Psychology of Human Sexuality Chapter 9: Sexuality and the Life Cycle: Childhood and Adolescence Chapter 9: Sexuality and the Life Cycle: Childhood and Adolescence 1. Why has little research been done on childhood sexuality? a. In our culture, parents do not believe that children are sexual. b. Such research is unnecessary. c. It is damaging to children to talk with them about sex. d. Researchers would rather focus on the adolescent phase of development. 2. The Freudian approach to sexual development suggests that crucial aspects of development: a. all occur during childhood. b. are influenced by biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors. c. happen across the lifespan. d. are not complete until adulthood. 3. One reason that studies of childhood sexuality are difficult to construct is that: a. they rely on the memories of adults. b. parents force children to participate in the studies. c. children do not engage in sexual activity. d. children tend to lie. 4. When children first become aware of their gender identity, they: a. think adults have different genders from children. b. know the difference between sex and gender. c. are motivated to be like other members of their gender. d. become more flexible in their gender beliefs. 5. Attachments to caregivers begin to form: a. as soon as an infant can visually recognize their caregiver. b. once an infant is able to understand words spoken to them. c. immediately after birth. d. when an infant can express emotions.

Psych 170 - Psychology of Human Sexuality Chapter 9: Sexuality and the Life Cycle: Childhood and Adolescence 6. Adrenarche is the maturation of the ______ gland(s), resulting in increased secretion of androgens. a. pituitary b. endocrine c. thyroid d. adrenal 7. How do girls tend to learn about masturbation? a. From reading about it b. Through seeing their peers do it c. When their mother tells them about it d. Through accidental self-discovery 8. While we know that 4- or 5-year-old children engage in social play, infants and toddlers: a. play with other children even more. b. always play alone. c. have not been studied during play with other children. d. play in a world of their own, even when with other children. 9. Which of the following is an accurate statement about preschoolers' knowledge of sexuality? a. Preschoolers have limited but very specific knowledge of sexuality. b. Preschoolers have little to no understanding of sexuality and would not have until they hit adolescence. c. Preschoolers have a complex understanding of sexuality. d. Preschoolers start to develop a simple understanding of some aspects of sexuality. 10.Children's understanding of gender starts out rigidly defined around the ages of 4 to 6. As they experience more of the world, older children: a. solidify those definitions. b. become more flexible in their views of gender. c. reject concepts of gender. d. often want to switch their gender.

Psych 170 - Psychology of Human Sexuality Chapter 9: Sexuality and the Life Cycle: Childhood and Adolescence 16.Although researchers focus on the negative aspects of adolescent sexuality,: a. it is important to understand the normative aspects of adolescent sexual development. b. we still know very little about this topic. c. the broader society does not consider those negative aspects. d. there are way more positive than negative outcomes of adolescent sexual behavior. 17.Adrenarche is the maturation of the ______ gland(s), resulting in increased secretion of androgens.. a. pituitary b. adrenal c. endocrine d. thyroid 18.According to Kinsey's data, which of the following is true about teenagers and masturbation? a. Most girls start masturbating by age 13. b. Both boys and girls start masturbating by age 15. c. Most boys begin masturbating to orgasm between ages 13 and 15. d. Neither boys nor girls masturbate to orgasm during adolescence. 19.If heteronormativity were not widespread in our culture: a. girls and boys would not have crushes on people of the opposite gender. b. girls and boys might see themselves as more similar to each other. c. children would still understand that only heterosexuality is normal. d. children would be confused about adult sexual relationships. 20.Which group is more likely to engage in same-gender sexual activities? a. Asians b. Girls c. Boys d. Hispanics 21.What proportion of students aged 15 to 19 have engaged in sexual intercourse? a. A little less than half b. Three-quarters c. 90 percent d. A little more than half

Psych 170 - Psychology of Human Sexuality Chapter 9: Sexuality and the Life Cycle: Childhood and Adolescence 22.For what reason have researchers tended to focus on the negative aspects of adolescent sexuality? a. Because researchers have yet to accept that sexuality is a normal part of adolescence b. Because there are no true positive aspects of adolescent sexuality c. Researching what society wants to hear: that adolescent sexuality should be strictly avoided d. The enormous potential for negative outcomes when adolescent sexuality goes awry 23.Compared to boys, an increase in rates of girls' masturbation: a. rarely begins until well into adulthood. b. spikes at the end of adolescence. c. is more mature and starts earlier. d. is more gradual and continues past adolescence. 24.When does the process of self-identification as a sexual minority person typically happen? a. Between the ages of 14 and 21 b. Around age 10 c. At the time of puberty d. Between the ages of 6 and 15 25.According to experts, having sex at what age (or earlier) is considered to be "too early sex" that carries a number of risks? a. 18 years old b. 17 years old c. 16 years old d. 15 years old 26.Among adolescents engaging in heterosexual sexual behavior: a. girls are likely to engage in oral sex. b. the behavior can be influenced by social class and ethnicity. c. a great majority have engaged in intercourse before age 15. d. penis-in-vagina intercourse typically happens before oral sex.

Psych 170 - Psychology of Human Sexuality Chapter 9: Sexuality and the Life Cycle: Childhood and Adolescence 32.Which of the following is true of the sexual behavior of college students? a. Researchers understand more about sexual behavior in old age than in the college-age population. b. It is difficult for researchers to gather data on the college population, due to privacy restrictions. c. Very little data relating to the sexual behavior of college students have been collected. d. The sexual behavior of college students is more widely researched than that of any other group. 33.The disparity between rates of masturbation between university women and men is likely the result of: a. differences in the opportunity to masturbate. b. men's inability to resist peer pressure. c. differences in sex drives. d. women's struggle to avoid social taboos. 34.Studies show that patterns of heterosexual sexual behavior among university students tend to be: a. uniform. b. homogeneous. c. promiscuous. d. diverse. 35.Which of the following is the LEAST likely to happen during a "hook up"? a. Sexual intercourse b. Oral sex c. Making out d. Forming a committed relationship 36.Which of the following helps to explain why adolescents engage in risky sexual behaviors? a. The amygdala and the ventral striatum in their brains develop later than the prefrontal cortex. b. Adolescents have yet to lose their impulse control. c. The areas of the brain that have to do with emotion are yet to be developed. d. The prefrontal cortex of their brains is still undeveloped.

Psych 170 - Psychology of Human Sexuality Chapter 9: Sexuality and the Life Cycle: Childhood and Adolescence 37.For the purpose of research, traditional-age college students (ages 19 to 22) are considered: a. adults. b. children. c. adolescents. d. semi-adults. 38.According to studies of students taking human sexuality courses, ______ university men and ______ university women masturbate. a. very few; all b. almost all; a great majority of c. a great majority of; almost all d. all; very few 39.A situation in which two people who are committed and close friends (not romantic partners) and occasionally have sex with each other is referred to as: a. hooking up. b. friends with benefits. c. being fuck buddies. d. booty call. 40.A sexual encounter that involves people who are strangers or brief acquaintances, without an expectation of forming a committed relationship, is called: a. hooking up. b. being "fuck buddies." c. friends with benefits. d. a booty call. 41.A fuck buddy situation is most likely to include which of the following? a. Friendship b. Support c. Just sex d. Companionship

Psych 170 - Psychology of Human Sexuality Chapter 9: Sexuality and the Life Cycle: Childhood and Adolescence 47.Which of the following is the LEAST likely to happen during a "hook up"? a. Oral sex b. Making out c. Sexual intercourse d. Forming a committed relationship 48.Similar to other stages of Erikson's model of psychosocial development, the crisis in young adulthood between intimacy and isolation is closely linked to: a. health. b. sexuality. c. confusion. d. intelligence. 49.Those aged 20 to 24 years old a. demonstrate a lack of the sexual fluidity apparent in older populations. b. have already cemented their sexual identity, attractions, and behavior. c. do not change much over time and become more steadfast in their sexual behavior. d. show distinct changes in sexual identity, attractions, and behavior over time. 50.A situation in which two people who are committed and close friends (not romantic partners) and occasionally have sex with each other is referred to as: a. being fuck buddies. b. friends with benefits. c. booty call. d. hooking up. 51.Who developed a model of psychosocial development that includes crises at each of eight stages of life? a. Wyndol Furman b. Erik Erikson c. Jean Piaget d. Sigmund Freud