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L 0 4 5, 0 AR 05 0 5 A4, A e A At St e T A S a state law or action conflicts with federal law or with the U.S. Constitution. If this happens, the state law becomes invalid. The Supreme Court case ruling Marbury v. Madison established this power, known as “judicial review.” The Supreme Court also rules on cases about significant social and public policy issues that affect all Americans. The Supreme Court ruled on the court case Brown v. the Board of Education of Topeka, which ended racial segregation in schools. 39, How many justices are on the Supreme Court? * Visit uscis.gov/ citizenship/ testupdates for the number of justices on the Supreme Court. For more information on the justices on the Supreme Court, visit supremecourt.gov. 40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now? * Visit uscis.gov/ citizenship/ testupdates for the name of the Chief Justice of the United States. For more information about the chief justice of the United States, visit supremecourt.gov. 41. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government? * to print money * to declare war * (o create an army * to make treaties The powers of government are divided between the federal government and the state governments. The federal government is known as a limited government. Its powers are restricted to those described in the U.S. Constitution. The Constitution gives the federal government the power to print money, declare war, create an army, and make treaties with other nations. Most other powers that are not given to the federal government in the Constitution belong to the states. A dee NsarvALL VUL \_vnaul.uuvu, A rv Y - e < the states. What is one power of the states? * provide schooling and education * provide protection (police) * provide safety (fire departments) * give a driver’s license * approve zoning and land use In the United States, the federal and state governments both hold power. Before the Constitution, the 13 colonies governed themselves individually much like state governments. It was not until the Articles of Confederation and then the Constitution that a national or federal government was established. Today, although each state has its own constitution, these state constitutions cannot conflict with the U.S. - Constitution. The U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the land. The state governments hold powers not given to the federal government in the U.S. Constitution. Some powers of the state government are the power to create traffic regulations and marriage requirements, and to issue driver’s licenses. The Constitution also provides a list of powers that the states do not have. For example, states cannot coin (create) money. The state and federal governments also share some powers, such as the ability to tax people. 43. Who is the Governor of your state now? * Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a Governor. | To learn the name of the governor of your state or territory, go to usa.gov/states-and-(erritories. Similar to the federal government, most states have three branches of government. The branches are executive, legislative, and judicial. The governor is the chief executive of the state. The governor’s job in a state government is similar to the president’s job in the federal government. However, the state laws that a governor carries out are different from the federal laws that the president carries out. The Constitution says that certain issues are covered by federal, not state, laws. All other issues are covered by state laws. The governor’s duties and powers vary from state to state. The number of years that a governor is elected to serve—called a “term”—is four years. The exceptions are New ok ok kA FHERAK KKK KAIIA KA A KK HAAA KKK KA KA AR K KA A KK A A A ek ok koA K 10 *If you are 65 or older and have been a permanent resident of the United States far 20 ar mars vaare