election political
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Mount Kenya University *
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MISC
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Political Science
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Nov 24, 2024
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docx
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1. Identify and explain the outstanding conflict resolution mechanisms which have been
utilized to resolve the Kenyan 2022 post-election political conflicts.
The time following elections in Kenya has consistently experienced heightened tensions
and confrontations, notably in 2007.
After the 2022 elections, several conflict resolution
techniques were utilized, including:
Mediation: International actors, such as the African Union and the United Nations, were
involved in facilitating negotiations between opposing groups to guarantee a nonviolent
settlement.
Public Dialogue: Public forums were convened to deliberate on the concerns of diverse
stakeholders and seek mutually agreeable resolutions.
Judicial Process: The Kenyan judiciary actively engaged in the legal process, allowing
anyone to challenge election results and ensuring a just and legitimate procedure.
Security Interventions: The Kenyan security apparatus undertook training in
peacekeeping and conflict resolution to ensure law and order.
2. Peace does not mean the absence of war. Explain this claim based on the context of your
country.
Peace encompasses more than the cessation of active armed combat.
Structural violence,
systematic discrimination, and socioeconomic disparities can endure in numerous
nations, including my own, even during periods characterized as "peaceful".
Genuine
tranquility encompasses:
Social justice refers to the equitable allocation of resources, opportunities, and
advantages among individuals in a given society.
Mental and social well-being encompasses the absence of fears, concerns, and the
possibility of violence or persecution.
Inclusive Governance: It is imperative that all individuals experience representation and
possess the ability to participate in governance and decision-making processes.
3. Since most conflicts are politically instigated, explain what needs to be done in before,
during, and after elections.
Prior to the elections, there will be a focus on voter education, which involves informing
the general public about the significance of conducting elections in a peaceful manner
and the potential repercussions of engaging in election-related violence.
Transparent Processes: Implementing a clear and open system for voter registration,
ballot printing, and other election logistics.
During elections: Engage foreign and local impartial observers to supervise the electoral
proceedings.
Security: Utilize proficient security staff to handle any instances of violence or turmoil.
Post-election:
Efficient Counting and Result Declaration: A rapid counting and declaration process
reduces the duration of ambiguity.
Grievance Redressal Mechanisms: Establish legal frameworks to effectively address any
complaints pertaining to election results.
References:
Cheeseman, N., Lynch, G., & Willis, J. (2016). Decentralisation in Kenya: The governance of
governors. Journal of Modern African Studies, 54(1), 1-35.
Galtung, J. (1969). Violence, peace, and peace research. Journal of Peace Research, 6(3), 167-
191.
Norris, P., Frank, R. W., & Martínez i Coma, F. (2015). Contentious elections: From votes to
violence. Contentious Elections, 1-39.
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