PHY 213 Lab 4 Worksheet Magnets and Magnetic fields

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University of Kentucky *

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Physics

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Jan 9, 2024

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PHY 213 Lab 4 Worksheet: Magnets and Magnetic fields PI: DA: R: DA1: Record the magnetic classification of each of the objects on the equipment list (except the function generator.) Compass- ferromagnet Disk magnet-permanent magnet Iron rod-ferromagnet magnet Paper clip-ferromagnet R1: Describe at least 2 careful mini-experiments that your group conducted to observe a repulsive interaction between the iron rod and another piece of equipment.  Metal rod to compass, with disk magnet on one end  Paper clip with disk magnet on it PI1: For each of the experments described in R1, conjecture the behavior of the magnet field in the iron rod to explain why the experiment succeeded or failed. Explain your answer using the four facts from page one of this manual. The four facts from the manual state there are three types of magnets that create a magnetic field, permanent magnets move in direction of external magnetic field when placed in one, all magnetic fields follow the right-hand rule. In the first experiment, we put a permanent magnet on a ferromagnet, the iron rod. We could change the iron rods magnetic field by moving the permanent magnet to different places on the rod and placing it next to a compass. We put the permanent magnets on one end of the rod and placed the opposite end near a compass. The compass north and south ends were either attracted to or repulsed to the rod depending on the orientation of the permanent magnets. We were able to attract the compass to the rod and cause repulsion by changing the position of

permanent magnets. The experiment was a success because it showed that the magnetic field of the rod changed based on the orientation of permanent magnets, and this was shown on the compass when it was either attracted or repelled to the rod. Why does the magnet spin and move in the presence of the coil connected to the function generator? What role does the frequency of the function generator play? What role does current play in this story? What about the Right Hand Rule? The reason the magnent spins in the presence of coil connected to function generator is because of torque produced in the magnetic field. An increase in frequency causes induced emf and induced current to increase. As the current increases, the magnetic field also increases. The right hand rule will give the direction of the magnetic torque. R2: Record at least 2 specific tests that you did to answer the questions above in green.  Increased the frequency to 10-15 Hz  Decreased the frequency to 2 DA2: Record the groups observations for the 2 tests that the researcher described.  The higher the amplitude the faster it spins compared to lower amplitude  The higher the frequency the more movement there is in the magnet  Increased the frequency to 10-15 Hz, the movememt decreased  Lower frequencies led to faster movemnt of the magnets PI2: Using the observations recorded by the DA, to describe the behavior of the coil in terms of the magnetic field. In the coil, there is an eletric current as well as a magnetic field moving through it. When the magnet is exposed to the negative end of the coil, magnetic flux exits the coil. When it is exposed to the positive end of the coil, magnetic flux enters the coil. This is in the same direction as the magnetic field and causes two different effects on opposite ends of magnet. DA3: Make sure you identify the three primary parts of the speaker, a. The magnet-magnetic disk b. The coil-

c. The diaphram- a sheet that is designed to move and push air. R3: Explain how a speaker works by explaining why each part is required. What role does the function generator play? What role does the magnet play? What role does the coil play? What role does the paper play?  Function generator- provides current to the speaker  Magnet- vibrates the coil  Coil- transfer current of the speaker  Paper- PI3: Summarize R3’s answer by explaining why the TA’s homemade earbud is so much superior to the one that you made. The TA’s speaker was superior because it was made up of better quality componets and sounded better than the one we made in lab which was with a thin piece of paper. The paper we used was not very good at amplifying the sound and made it sound very quiet compared to the one the TA had, which was made of magnets. The magnets also allowed the TA’s speaker to have higher frequency, making it sound better. Our speaker was very faint sound because it could not amplify the vibrations, unlike the magnets in the TA’s speaker which were a very good speaker.

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