W6a__Pre-Lab_Quizzes_2_attempts__3LB__Basic_Physics_Lab_II

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2/12/24, 6:14 PM W6a: Pre-Lab Quizzes (2 attempts): 3LB: Basic Physics Lab II https://canvas.eee.uci.edu/courses/61657/quizzes/313677 1/5 W6a: Pre-Lab Quizzes (2 attempts) Due Feb 16 at 11:59pm Points 4 Questions 4 Available Feb 12 at 12am - Mar 1 at 11:59pm Time Limit None Allowed Attempts 2 Instructions Attempt History Attempt Time Score LATEST Attempt 1 5 minutes 4 out of 4 Score for this attempt: 4 out of 4 Submitted Feb 12 at 6:14pm This attempt took 5 minutes. The weekly pre-lab is due before the beginning of your Lab session. The problem sets will be open for one week prior to the due date. Any technical problems with the website (e.g. trouble logging on) should be reported to the OIT Help Desk staff. (https://www.oit.uci.edu/helpdesk/) If you have questions about grading or mistakes in the quiz, contact your Instructor and/or TAs. NOTE: In this Quiz, you will have TWO Attempts. Take the Quiz Again 1 / 1 pts Question 1 Receiver maxima problem. When the receiver moves through one cycle, how many maxima of the standing wave pattern does the receiver pass through?
2/12/24, 6:14 PM W6a: Pre-Lab Quizzes (2 attempts): 3LB: Basic Physics Lab II https://canvas.eee.uci.edu/courses/61657/quizzes/313677 2/5 Two Correct! Correct! Three One None of the others 1 / 1 pts Question 2 VOICE READING 1 The human voice, or vocalization, results from vibration of the vocal cords. Air from the lungs is forced past the vocal cords and the resulting vibration of the vocal cords determines the fundamental pitch of the speaking voice [17]. The resulting vibration of the vocal cords, determining the fundamental pitch of the speaking voice, is controlled by muscular tension on the cords and the change of mass of the vocal cord edges. Sharp edges of the cords are approximated in high-frequency sounds, while broad edges give rise to bass frequencies [17]. In general, the frequency of a man's voice is lower than a woman's because men have more massive cords. However, by changing the tension of the vocal cords, a person can vary the frequency by a factor of 3 [12]. The air pressure in the lungs is the other determinant in the frequency of vibration besides the mechanical properties of the vocal cords.
2/12/24, 6:14 PM W6a: Pre-Lab Quizzes (2 attempts): 3LB: Basic Physics Lab II https://canvas.eee.uci.edu/courses/61657/quizzes/313677 3/5 [17] Maud E. Greenwood, AN ILLUSTRATED APPROACH TO MEDICAL PHYSICS, (Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company, 1963). Which of the following characteristics of the vocal cords DOES NOT influence the fundamental pitch of the speaking voice? All of the others influence the pitch of the speaking voice Correct! Correct! Muscular tension Edge shape Mass 1 / 1 pts Question 3 READING 2 The vocal tract is a resonator, and the transmission of a sound through an acoustic resonator is highly dependent upon frequency. Sounds at the resonance frequency are less attenuated than other sounds, and are
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2/12/24, 6:14 PM W6a: Pre-Lab Quizzes (2 attempts): 3LB: Basic Physics Lab II https://canvas.eee.uci.edu/courses/61657/quizzes/313677 4/5 therefore radiated with a higher relative amplitude, or with a greater relative loudness than other sounds. The vocal tract has four or five important resonances called formants [18]. Each formant is associated with a standing wave, that is, with a static pattern of pressure oscillations whose amplitude is at a maximum at the glottal end and near a minimum at the lip opening. The lowest formant corresponds to a quarter of a wavelength, which is to say that a quarter of its wavelength fits within the vocal tract. Similarly, the second, third and fourth formants correspond respectively to a three-quarters wavelength, one and a quarter wavelengths and one and three-quarters wavelengths. [18] Johan Sundberg, "The Acoustics of the Singing Voice," SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, March 1977. Which of the following is NOT a formant wavelength? Correct! Correct! 1 / 1 pts Question 4
2/12/24, 6:14 PM W6a: Pre-Lab Quizzes (2 attempts): 3LB: Basic Physics Lab II https://canvas.eee.uci.edu/courses/61657/quizzes/313677 5/5 READING 3 Any change in the cross section of the vocal tract shifts the individual formant frequencies, the direction of the shift depending on just where the change in area falls along the standing wave. Constriction of the vocal tract at a place where the standing wave of a formant exhibits minimum- amplitude pressure oscillations generally causes the formant to drop in frequency; expansion of the tract at those same places raises the frequency. Three other major tools for changing the shape of the tract in such a way that the frequency of a particular formant is shifted in a particular direction are the jaw, the body of the tongue and the tip of the tongue. Moving the various articulatory organs in different ways changes the frequencies of the two lowest formants over a considerable range [18]. [18] Johan Sundberg, "The Acoustics of the Singing Voice," SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, March 1977. Fill in the blank. One way to increase formant frequency is to____________ the vocal tract at a place where the standing wave of a formant frequency exhibits minimum-amplitude pressure oscillations. Expand Correct! Correct! Contract Vibrate Stretch Quiz Score: 4 out of 4

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