Acceleration Due to Gravity Report PHYS 141 (1)

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University Of Arizona *

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141

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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Acceleration Due to Gravity Abdallah Alazhari PHYS 141 TA: Marco Antonio Jimenez Due: 9/22/2022 Abstract The purpose of this lab was to measure the effects of gravity on acceleration. To do this, we set up a ramp at 3 different heights, with angles of 5, 9.5, and 14.5 degrees at a decline. The PASCO cart was used as the object was let go. The cart’s acceleration was increasing as the decline of the ramp was increased. Introduction We are calculating the acceleration due to gravity by using a PASCO cart connected to Capstone, a program that allows us to view acceleration and velocity in graphs. From these data points, we are then able to use sin θ and the acceleration measured through the graphs to find g experimental . Procedure To find the effects of gravity on acceleration, we set the ramps at 3 different heights with 3 different angles: 5 °, 9.5°, and 14.5°. We started the timer, waited a few seconds so the cart would
not leave too early, and let the cart go until it reached the end of the ramp. Then, on the Capstone program, the slope of the straight line was measured to find out acceleration. The process was repeated 5 different times for the three different angles, and the average acceleration and standard deviation of each trial was taken. The above image shows a similar setup to what was done in the experiment, with the ramp being at a slope from the box. Theory In order for us to calculate our g experimental , we needed the values: the acceleration which was provided to us in the form of the slope from Capstone graphs. The following equation was used to calculate for our g experimental: g = a sin θ Where a is the acceleration measured and theta is the value of the angle. Results and Discussion angle Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial 5 Average Standard Deviation
5 0.788 0.776 0.78 0.78 0.772 0.7792 0.01 9.5 1.673 1.698 1.738 1.73 1.706 1.709 0.03 19.5 3.023 3.036 3.036 3.09 3.04 3.045 0.03 Table 1: Shows the acceleration for each trial, the average, and its standard deviation. angle Average Acceleration Measured Gravity (m/s^2) Avg measured Gravity Standard Deviation 5 0.7792 8.94 9.6 0.91 9.5 1.709 10.6 19.5 3.045 9.122 Table 2: Average acceleration taken from each angle measured, the measured gravity ( experimental) , its average and standard deviation. From the results that were obtained, a value close to that of gravity (9.8 m/s^2) was not possible to get. The preparation of the lab was to see the error in our procedure, and other factors could have contributed to getting such a low value on gravity. For example, the cart may have been lopsided on the track, or the wheels were too stiff to actually roll and possibly got stuck. However, the values were consistent enough to show that the experiment was consistent and each measurement was no different than the others. Although the measured gravity from each trial has a different value, finding the average gravity to find the percent error by using the following equation : ( g experimental g ) g 100 9.6 9.8 9.8 100 = 2% error
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The average value of gravity obtained showed a 2% error, which is an extremely low value. Although the procedure may have not been perfect, it was consistent enough to obtain good results and a value close to that of actual gravity.