electricity lab

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Feb 20, 2024

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Name: _____________________ 2 points each; ___/34 PhET Simulation: Batteries and Bulbs Learning Goal: Describe the differences between series and parallel circuits Instructions: Click on this link à Circuit Construction Kit DC Go into “Lab” in order to complete this activity. You can play with the simulation in “Intro” to become familiar with how everything works if you wish. A. Series Circuits Build a simple series circuit that consists of 6 pieces of wire, 1 light bulb, and 1 battery (voltage source). In order to complete the circuit, the red circles at the end of each must overlap. Please note that the light bulb also has TWO circles. Your circuit is complete and working when the light comes on and the blue dots begin moving. It should look similar to this: 1. What do you think that the moving blue dots represent? Electrons Use the tools at the side to get a voltmeter and a Non-contact ammeter. Put the voltmeter near the battery and place the red tab at one end and the black at the other; similar to below.
2. What is the voltage? 3. Place the ammeter crosshairs over the moving blue dots. What is the reading? 4. What does this tell us about the circuit? Click the reset button . Create another series circuit using two bulbs instead of one. Similar to the one below. Use the tools at the side to get a voltmeter and a Non-contact ammeter. Put the voltmeter near the battery and place the red tab at one side end and the black at the other. 5. What is the voltage? 6. Place the ammeter crosshairs over the moving blue dots. What is the reading? Now move the voltmeter tabs to be on either side of a bulb. 7. What is the voltage? 8. Place the ammeter crosshairs over the moving blue dots between the two bulbs. What is the reading? Remove one of the bulbs by right clicking on it and hitting the button. 9. Does this affect the voltage, amperes, or visually change the appearance of the remaining light bulb? Adapted from: https://phet.colorado.edu/en/contributions/view/3180 9.00 V 0.90 A This tells us that the circuit has a current flowing though it, and it has enough voltage/electricity to light the bulb. 9.00 V 0.45 A 4.50 V 0.45 A Yes, because we broke the circuit.
Replace the bulb. Now remove one of the wires touching the voltage source. 10. What happened? Why? Click the reset button to begin working on a parallel circuit. B. Parallel Circuits Parallel circuits provide more than one path for electrons to move. Create a parallel circuit that includes 10 wires, 2 light bulbs and 1 voltage source, similar to the one below. The blue dots will be moving and both lights will be on once the circuit is complete. 11. Use the voltmeter and non-contact ammeter to measure electron flow and push. a. Voltage: b. Ammeter: 12. How does this compare with your observations in the series circuit? Is this surprising? WHY or WHY NOT? Now right click on one of the wires connected to a light bulb. 13. Remove the wire and record your observations. We lost electricity because we broke the circuit, there for we do not have a continues flow if electrons. 9.00 V Near Battery: 1.80 A Near Bulb: 0.90 A I am not surprised that the voltage is 9.00, because if you use a 9-volt battery that is to be expected. I am however surprised that I got a couple different readings with the ammeter on the parallel circuit, where the series circuit I just got one. Electron flow to that light stopped, so it went dark, and the other bulb stayed lit.
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14. Does this affect the voltage, amperes, or visually change the appearance of the light bulb? Replace the wire. Now remove one of the wires touching the voltage source. 15. What happened? 16. What is the difference between removing the first wire and the second? Why is this significant? C. Comparisons Create a second series circuit with 2 bulbs next to your parallel circuit. 17. Record your observations about the two once they are side by side. (Pay special attention to the brightness of the bulbs and the reading on both meters when placed across a bulb). Adapted from: https://phet.colorado.edu/en/contributions/view/3180 Yes, there is no voltage, amperes, or light coming from this bulb. The flow of electrons stopped, and the bulbs went dark, because we broke the circuit when removing the wire from the power source. The first wire was not connected to our power source. We were still getting electricity; it just wasn’t flowing through the one bulb. When we removed the second wire, we broke the entire circuit and completely stopped the flow of electrons. The bulbs on the parallel circuit are brighter than the ones on the series circuit. Voltage of the parallel circuit is 9.00 V and the ammeter reads 0.90 A. Voltage of the series circuit is 9.00 V and the ammeter reads 0.45 A. The electrons are moving faster in the parallel circuit.

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