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South Pasadena • Physics Name 7 · Energy Period Date R E V I E W P A C K E T Defining Energy Terms 1. Write verbal definitions and mathematical equations for the following: a. Gravitational potential energy b. Kinetic energy c. Work d. Power 2. What are the units of energy? Show or briefly explain why each of the following are also units of energy. a. kg · m 2 · s – 2 b. calorie c. kW · hr 3. How many joules is 1 kW·hr? 4. A 100-W light bulb is on for 180 s. What is the work done by the light bulb? Football! 5. A 400-g football is kicked from the ground with a velocity of 25 m/s into the bleachers. a. What is the kinetic energy of the ball when it is kicked? b. A man 20 m above the ground catches the ball. What is the potential energy of the ball when the match caught the ball?

c. What is the kinetic energy of the ball when the ball was caught by the man? d. How much work was done on the ball? e. If the ball was in the air for 0.784 s, what was the power of gravity on the ball? Work 6. Given the following four balls: Ball Mass Starting Speed Ending Speed A 3.0 kg 2.0 m/s 8.0 m/s B 3.0 kg 2.0 m/s 16.0 m/s C 6.0 kg 2.0 m/s 8.0 m/s D 6.0 kg 2.0 m/s 16.0 m/s a. Finding the starting kinetic energies of each ball. b. Find the ending kinetic energies of each ball. c. Find the work done on each ball. d. If 10 N of force is applied to each ball, list the balls in increasing distance the balls travel. Explain. e. If each ball travels 5 m, list the balls in increasing amount of force applied. Explain.

Roller Coaster 7. The following diagram represents a roller coaster ride. At point A, a 600-kg roller coaster car is traveling 30 m/s. a. What is the speed of the roller coaster car at the bottom of the hill between points A and B? b. What is the speed of the roller coaster car at point B? c. What is the maximum height of point C in order for the roller coaster car to clear the hill? A Lever System 8. A 12-m plank is resting on a fulcrum that is 3.0 m from one end. A 15-kg mass is resting on the end of the plank closer to the fulcrum. a. Draw the lever. b. Write the fraction that represents the ratio of the distance from each end of the plank to the fulcrum. c. If the mass is raised a maximum height of 2.0 m, find the vertical distance the other end moves when the lever is lowered. A B 50 m 30 m C

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d. What is the relationship between the ratio of the distance from each end of the plank to the fulcrum (from b), and the ratio of the vertical distance traveled when the lever is applied (from c)? e. What is the force that is applied to the lever to raise the 15-kg mass? f. What is the ideal mechanical advantage of this lever system? g. If 60 N of force was actually applied to this lever system, what is the actual mechanical advantage? What is the efficiency of this lever?

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