Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory - John Lowe
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Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory
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Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care
PHI-413V
Instructor: Dr. Leonard Baldwin
Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory
Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory
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Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory
Nature of Spirituality and Ethics
Spirituality and ethics are primarily rooted in the perspectives of various religions. For
most of us, it's Christianity. Spirituality is in the theological world is a term of who, what, and
how God is perceived as the eternal and all-powerful super-being above all. However, the term
spirituality is changing in the definition. For example, in the sense that many are identifying as
spiritual without being religious. Christians have developed belief systems centered and outlined
around the Holy Scriptures in the Bible. This Christian belief system, which I am part of,
explains the purpose of human life and the truth and the meaning of life. This view of spirituality
achieves a superior state for all life experiences in the person's religious life. Spirituality ensures
that they remain grounded in following God's guidance, as highlighted in the Bible as a constant
examination of oneself.
The Christian's perspective is more accepting of life since there is the acceptance that
God guides the Christian in their lives for the good of the person and their neighbors. This would
make spirituality a theological and symbolic function for each Christian to achieve this state for
the Christian and God. A Christian view of ethics is thus based on God's instructions highlighted
in the Bible, and its reliance on spirituality helps them conform to God's expectations without
ambiguity. The Christian perspective of spirituality and ethics in healthcare has many
implications because we must adhere to biblical standards and ethics dictated by society, laws,
and work. This guides the nurse or medical personnel in their decision-making and helps set
boundaries for their patient's choices and options (Zardosht, 2020).
Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory
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Contrasting the Philosophy of Postmodern Relativism
Postmodern relativism rejects universal moral and spiritual values. It respects and
accepts the relativity of all values in all areas of life, even health care. So no specific religious or
ethical value preference exists with postmodern relativism. So everyone should direct their
values, value preferences, and approaches.
For the most part, Western nurses are affected by this
view of postmodern relativism in caring for their patients. It allows them to be as unbiased as
possible in caring for their patients. Postmodern relativism presents a more liberal understanding
outside of spirituality or moral values. There is no absolute truth with postmodern relativism.
The argument of God does not exist irrelevant. Postmodern relativism contends that contrasting
ethical ideas could be valid or invalid based on your personal beliefs (Zardosht, 2020).
Postmodern relativism highlights that no one single view should be dissuaded or accepted. The
postmodern relativism view in health supports all cultures in healthcare delivery. No one has a
monopoly of spirituality and ethics in relativism as well. Other definitions of spirituality, ethics,
and relativism should not be ignored.
Scientism
Scientism is the thought or expression regarded as characteristic of scientists or excessive belief
in the power of scientific knowledge and techniques. So,
scientism claims that science alone can
render truth about the world and Reality. In essence, scientism
contends that scientists are the
only reliable, justifiable and trustworthy source of absolute truths and genuine expertise. This
means that the scientist's view is the only reliable one. Those who experiment with nature's laws,
including physics, biology, and physics, are reliable on factual, replicable, and testable data. Soft
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Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory
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sciences, which are lesser-known sciences, are thus considered pseudosciences, making them
inferior to the more significant sciences and scientists. The distinction between the two sciences
is based on the perceived value of the information they are looking at. In other words, the quality
or background of the researcher. Scientists, they say, have a better grasp on valuable information
since they rely on skepticism, more research, experimentation, and distortions.
The lesser scientists or science rely on subjectivism, allowing for influences and biases to
the research or care from human nature. So, therefore, there is an agreement in all sciences that
scientism can be common to have contrasting ideas for the same principle (Mauk, 2019). In this
respect, scientism has greater intellectual authority than the lesser sciences and everything else.
There are two arguments against scientism. Firstly, scientists do not provide absolute
truths and facts; it's hubris to think so. Anti-scientists pointed out there is no empirical or formal
research by scientists, thus confirming scientism. Things previously considered as fundamental
truths in sciences have not changed. So they continue to argue that information given in all
sciences is subject to change in time. The second argument against scientism is that scientists
have adopted an authoritarian; I know all approaches reliant on rationalism. This gives another
example of hubris in scientists, in that they disregard the personal opinions of others. Some have
argued that such research cannot be done, and these traditional approaches stifle willful thought.
Yet this is important for advancing sciences and has adopted a more accepting, deliberate belief
(Mauk, 2019).
Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory
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Ultimate Reality
Ultimate Reality for me is that God is the unique source of all Reality. This would make
God is thereby the source of all meaning. Ultimate
Reality, for me, is the belief that we are all
the product of God through his creations. These interactions with people are the product of
Reality, including our environment (Murgia, 2020). This Reality means that all of us are the
product of nurture and nature, and based on this, a person develops. Yes, we are molded by
family, neighborhood, community, and other environmental factors. This we develop and
determine values, mannerisms, and other thought processes. For example, one might accept
polygamy if they were a Muslim rather than a Christian. The two major religions differ in their
perceptions of marriage. Therefore, ultimately Reality looks at how experience affects reasons,
decision-making, and life perceptions in their research or even nursing care.
Nature of the Universe
The nature of the universe is it’s constantly changed over time. The universe is always in
flux, like things being created or destroyed. The universe's energy drives the difference
throughout the known universe. This is dictated by many processes like competition, extinction,
the evolution of the universe through physics, and the other sciences that God ultimately created.
This competition involves a struggle to acquire the energy resources of the universe. For
example, death is final and removes components that cannot be recreated through evolution or
creation outside of God. The development consists in adapting to environmental changes in the
universe. Energy conversion involves different forms of energy, such as solar energy being
captured by plants, animals, and people in the universe.
Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory
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A Human Being
A human being can be defined from many religious or secular perspectives. From my
Christian perspective, a definition of a human being is that God is the creator of human beings.
Our creation is in his likeness to his everlasting glory. The belief that God created all humans is
to procreate and do his will, as highlighted in the Ten Commandments and the Bible. A second
definition contradicts the first one, which I'm afraid I have to disagree with. It's regarding the
biological perspective which humans created by evolution over time who have selectively
adapted to develop higher thought processes that allow them to adjust the environment to fit their
specific needs. The higher thought process escapes me with evolution, thus allowing humans to
develop complex languages and vocabulary.
Knowledge
Knowledge refers to unique rules, facts, or information gained through experience or
association. This forms communication and skills through association, and experience increases a
person's cognitive abilities and contributes to a person's education. Experience in life also
contributes to one’s knowledge.
The experience involves education with formal and informal
processes. For instance, an individual knowledgeable in medicine can successfully manage a
complex sick patient, while an individual knowledgeable in construction can build a house. But
both the one in medicine and construction can do the other job.
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Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory
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Basis of Ethics
Ethics, I believe, has two concepts. The first concept is beliefs and awareness to
determine right and wrong. Thus, a person's morals and standards establish the basis of ethics, in
other words, what a person's environment or community has taught them. Ethics is rooted in
moral principles that govern how people behave or conduct themselves and act towards others.
This focuses on how I treat others centered on my religious beliefs. The second concept is that
each person has their own set of personal ethics and morals that guide them despite where they
work. Ethics in healthcare, for example, are essential because workers must recognize healthcare
dilemmas like engaging in CPR to a patient with an abysmal prognosis if they survive CPR.
Once I realize these dilemmas, I make sound judgments and decisions based on the values and
morals that govern me (Haddad, 2018). For instance, I do believe that every person should do
honest work. Thus stealing in any form is wrong and unethical. The society we live in dictates
that regardless of religious beliefs, their environment and laws say you cannot steal; this is the
code of basic ethics we must live by in our society.
Another example is ethical principles on handling private conversations between patients
and doctors or clients and lawyers. None of this is covered thoroughly in anyone's religion;
however, in the Holy Scriptures, Proverbs 15:22 talks about confidential talk. Still, ethics dictate
a sacred discussion that must remain private unless the patient says it's okay to make it public.
That is my basis for ethics.
Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory
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Purpose of your existence
There are two purposes for my existence. My first purpose is to procreate. However, I
have personally declined to do. I have purposed to get married. Also, to work to earn money and
meet my family's needs financially, emotionally, and spiritually. My purpose is to care for my
human parents, highlighting what to do in the Holy Scriptures. Also, it includes taking care of
my community to contribute to a good quality existence. My second purpose is to fulfill God's
will. I do this by observing my religious principles, such as those highlighted in the Holy
Scriptures in the Bible. God, I believe, has created me out of his love, and in return, I love to
serve him.
Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory
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References
Haddad, L. M., & Geiger, R. A. (2018). Nursing ethical considerations.
Iavicoli, S., Valenti, A., Gagliardi, D., & Rantanen, J. (2018). Ethics and occupational health in
the contemporary world of work.
International journal of environmental research and public
health
,
15
(8), 1713.
Mauk, K. L., & Hobus, M. (2019).
Nursing as a ministry
. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Murgia, C., Notarnicola, I., Rocco, G., & Stievano, A. (2020). Spirituality in nursing: a concept
analysis.
Nursing Ethics
,
27
(5), 1327-1343.
Zardosht, R. (2020). Nursing Care and Postmodernism.
Future of Medical Education Journal
,
10
(2).
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