Assessment 1 _PHI-FPX3200 Instructions
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Keiser University, Jacksonville *
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3200
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Philosophy
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Jan 9, 2024
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6
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PHI-FPX3200 - Fall 2023 - SecƟon 02Assessment 1 Matrix of Ethical Theories InstrucƟons IdenƟfy the professional code of ethics for your professional specialty or a specialty that you are interested in, describe the decision criteria, and analyze each theory using examples and the Ethical Theory Matrix Template. Moral Theories, Principles of Health Care Ethics, and Professional Ethics Codes Ethics is a branch of philosophy devoted to the study of morality. Ethics has a long history of theories about determining right from wrong and idenƟfying the principles of living a good life. For this assessment, you will be asked to apply foundaƟonal principles in ethics, such as autonomy and jusƟce, in a relevant health care seƫng. Each profession within health care has its own code of ethical behavior designed to help individuals within that profession to make sound ethical choices in carrying out the tasks and pracƟces parƟcular to their professional role. It may be useful to locate one or more relevant codes of ethics for your current or desired career path. This research will be beneficial to your professional development, and you will have a chance to apply it to the Tonya's Case: Ethics and Professional Codes assessment in this course. Autonomy, Truth-Telling, and ConfidenƟality These are broad-ranging topics, which, if taken alone, seem almost comically simple. Of course, raƟonal people of legal age should be able to make decisions concerning themselves and their minor children. Of course, medical professionals should be honest with paƟents, and, of course, paƟents should be honest with members of their health care teams. Of course, one's medical issues should be kept private. But rarely are things as simple as they seem. Take some Ɵme to scratch beneath the surface, and we encounter myriad ethical dilemmas. Honesty tends to be a revered trait in many cultures. However, many people admit to lying occasionally, especially if the intent is to spare someone pain, embarrassment, or anguish. Is lying to someone because of love, concern, or reputaƟon ever ethical? Privacy and confidenƟality are also important concepts. But are there limits? Can the greater good ever outweigh the rights of individuals? And at what point can others, whether an individual or an enƟty such as a government body, ethically determine someone's acƟons, fate, or choices? Fluoridated water, smoking regulaƟons, compulsory K–
12 educaƟon, and speed limits are only a few examples of how we, as a society, agree to limited personal freedoms because these things are good for us. DemonstraƟon of Proficiency
By successfully compleƟng this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:
Competency 1: ArƟculate ethical issues in health care. o
ArƟculate the Ɵme-tested theories of ethics. o
Describe the strengths and weaknesses of the Ɵme-tested theories of ethics.
Competency 4: Explain the conceptual framework that health care leaders use to make ethical decisions. o
IdenƟfy the decision criteria of the Ɵme-tested theories of ethics. PreparaƟon As you begin work on your Ethical Theories Matrix assessment, it may be helpful to review the suggested resources focused on moral and ethical consideraƟons. For your own reference, you may want to briefly jot down your thoughts related to: An inventory of the basic principles of health care ethics. These principles are nonmaleficence, beneficence, uƟlity, distribuƟve jusƟce, and autonomy. An explanaƟon of each principle as well as your own example to illustrate the applicaƟon of each. InstrucƟons Drawing from the material covered in the resources as well as your own research, complete this assessment using the Ethical Theory Matrix Template [DOC] -aƩached For each theory, first describe the decision criteria. The decision criteria are the instrucƟons the theory gives for how to reach the morally correct choice in a situaƟon that requires acƟon. Then, provide your own example of how someone might act using the decision criteria of the theory. Finally, briefly describe the strengths and weaknesses of each theory using the last two columns of the Ethical Theory Matrix Template. The suggested resources for this assessment could help you get a start on compleƟng the matrix, but do not hesitate to use any outside resources that you can find online, the Capella library, or elsewhere. This matrix is a tool you will use throughout the rest of the course. Submit your completed matrix as an aƩachment to this assessment. Refer to the Matrix of Ethical Theories Scoring Guide for more informaƟon on how this assessment will be graded.
Use the resources linked below to help complete this assessment. Moral Theories and Principles of Health Care Ethics When making moral decisions and seƩling disagreements, it is easier to use moral principles than moral theories. The principles cannot be applied automaƟcally. Using them requires judgment and careful consideraƟon of the concrete situaƟon at hand. Because they can make moral decisions more objecƟve and raƟonal, they help us steer clear of making moral choices based solely on individual feelings and a narrow, personal point of view. In other words, they allow us to make choices based on factors everyone considers important. You will be applying these principles during this course. Principles of Health Care Ethics Ethical Terms and Principles.
Use the flashcards feature to review and test your knowledge of each concept. Munson, R. (2014). IntervenƟon and reflecƟon: Basic issues in bioethics (concise ed.). Wadsworth. Available in the courseroom via the VitalSource Bookshelf link.
Part VI, "FoundaƟons of Bioethics: Ethical Theories, Moral Principles, and Medical Decisions," pages 467–523. Moral and Ethical Theories Bowie, N. (2018). KanƟan ethics. In R. Kolb (Ed.), The SAGE encyclopedia of business ethics and society (Vol. 1, pp. 2014–2017). SAGE PublicaƟons, Inc.
This resource provides an overview of KanƟan Ethics that may help you to complete the Ethical Theory Matrix Template for your assessment. Duignan, B. (n.d.). UƟlitarianism. Britannica. hƩps://www.britannica.com/topic/uƟlitarianism-philosophy
This resource provides an overview of UƟlitarianism that may help you to complete the Ethical Theory Matrix Template for your assessment. Garret, J. (2004). A simple and usable (although incomplete) ethical theory based on the ethics of W. D. Ross. Western Kentucky University. hƩp://people.wku.edu/jan.garreƩ/ethics/rossethc.htm
This resource may help you to complete the Ethical Theory Matrix Template for your assessment. Messerly, J. G.. (2017, Nov 13). Summary of natural law ethics. Reason and Meaning. hƩps://reasonandmeaning.com/2017/11/13/summary-of-natural-law-ethics/
This resource provides an overview of Natural Law Ethics that may help you to complete the Ethical Theory Matrix Template for your assessment.
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Autonomy, Truth-Telling, and ConfidenƟality The following chapter explores issues with autonomy, truth-telling, and confidenƟality.
Munson, R. (2014). IntervenƟon and reflecƟon: Basic issues in bioethics (concise ed.). Wadsworth. Available in the courseroom via the VitalSource Bookshelf link. o
Chapter 1, "Physicians, PaƟents, and Others: Autonomy, Truth Telling, and ConfidenƟality," pages 3–58. OpƟonal Enrichment Case Study Exercise
Case Study: Missy Smith. In this media piece, Missy requests a pregnancy test from her family's pharmacist and asks the pharmacist to keep this request from her parents. Suppose you are the pharmacist in quesƟon. How would you respond? Do not answer simply from an intuiƟve sense of what seems right to you. As you think through this scenario, consider the moral theories that you have read about and researched related to this assessment. Consider quesƟons, such as:
What moral theories are most relevant to this scenario? o
Which would be most relevant to your current or desired career path?
How can moral theories help to guide your decision making processes? o
How do they help to ensure you are making ethical decisions?
How does this scenario relate to the ideas of autonomy and confidenƟality within the context of the overall field of health care?
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